基于VISSIM的环形交叉口与信号控制交叉口型式选择研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 08:51

本文关键词： 环形交叉口信号控制交叉口适用综合评估　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市道路交叉口承担着实现车辆转向的功能,在城市道路系统中占有重要地位。车辆通过交叉口时,由于交通冲突增加,需要频繁采取的加减速、换道等行为导致交叉口的通行能力、服务水平以及安全性都较路段低,是造成车辆延误、交通拥堵甚至是引发交通事故的易发点。不同型式的交叉口通行能力、服务水平、造成的延误以及安全性都是不相同的,环形交叉口和信号控制交叉口作为两种最常见的城市平面交叉口,他们具有各自的优缺点。当进入交叉口的流量较小时,环形交叉口可以实现车辆的连续通过,车均延误较小,但由于几何特性决定车辆在交叉口的行驶距离增加,交叉口占地面积较大。信号控制交叉口安全性较好,通行能力大,但带来的车辆延误也增加。由此可见,不同型式的交叉口具有不同的适用环境,在交叉口型式选择时,需要对不同方案进行评价,选择最优的方案。因此本文针对环形交叉口和信号控制交叉口的适用性进行研究,为交叉口的型式选择提供了理论依据。本文选取主次相交和支支相交的城市道路交叉口类型作为研究对象,分析环形交叉口和信号交叉口的几何特性与交通特性,掌握两种型式交叉口的设计要素以及车辆在交叉口的运行行为特征；探讨道路、交通条件以及交通管理对两种型式交叉口的影响机理,选取交叉口流量、大车比例、左转比例作为影响交叉口形式选择的主要影响因素,确定交叉口微观仿真的要素构成；从交叉口安全和效率出发,选取交通冲突率和车均延误作为交叉口适用性评价指标,构建评价体系；基于VISSIM交通仿真软件,分别建立主次相交和支支相交的两种型式交叉口的仿真模型,结合仿真要素组成交叉口仿真方案,进行多次仿真,并根据仿真结果分析得到两种型式交叉口在不同交通环境下的适用性,为城市基础设施建设部门及交通管理与控制部门提供一定的决策依据。
[Abstract]:Urban road intersections assume the function of vehicle steering and play an important role in the urban road system. When vehicles pass through intersections, they need frequent acceleration and deceleration due to the increase of traffic conflicts. The traffic capacity, service level and safety of intersections are lower than those of road sections, which can cause vehicle delay, traffic congestion and even lead to traffic accidents. Different types of intersections have different types of traffic capacity. The service level, delay and security are different. Circular intersection and signal-controlled intersection are the two most common urban intersections. They have their own advantages and disadvantages. When the flow into the intersection is small, the circular intersection can realize the continuous passage of vehicles, and the vehicle delay is small. However, due to the geometric characteristics of vehicles in the intersection travel distance increased, the intersection covers a large area, signal control intersection security is better, traffic capacity is large, but the vehicle delay is also increased. Different types of intersections have different applicable environments, and different schemes need to be evaluated in the choice of intersections. Therefore, the applicability of circular intersection and signal-controlled intersection is studied in this paper, which provides a theoretical basis for the type selection of intersections. In this paper, the main and secondary intersection and branch intersection of urban road intersection type as the research object, analysis of circular intersection and signal intersection geometric characteristics and traffic characteristics. Master the design elements of two types of intersections and the characteristics of vehicle running behavior at intersections; This paper discusses the influence mechanism of road, traffic conditions and traffic management on the two types of intersections, and selects intersection flow, the proportion of large vehicles and the ratio of left turn as the main factors that affect the choice of intersections. Determine the key elements of intersection micro-simulation; Based on the safety and efficiency of intersection, the traffic conflict rate and vehicle delay are selected as the evaluation index of intersection applicability, and the evaluation system is constructed. Based on the VISSIM traffic simulation software, the simulation models of two types of intersections with primary and secondary intersection and branch intersection are established, and the simulation scheme of intersection is made up of simulation elements. According to the analysis of simulation results, the applicability of two types of intersections in different traffic environments is obtained, which provides a certain decision basis for urban infrastructure construction departments and traffic management and control departments.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.23

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