公路客运站车辆排放评价研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 06:07

本文关键词： 公路客运站排放评价 MOVES模型行驶周期　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济持续快速发展，机动车保有量逐年增长，机动车污染物排放已成为我国城市大气污染的主要来源之一。公路运输站场作为我国公路路网运输的节点，承担着我国公路旅客及货物运输的主要任务，同时也造成了客运站及周边地区的空气污染问题。目前，，尽管一些标准规范中提出了对客运站内机动车尾气排放的约束性规定，但并没有专门针对客运站内机动车尾气排放的量化系统分析研究。因此，本文提出的公路客运站车辆污染物排放量化研究，对控制、减少站场污染物排放，评价站场污染物排放以及制定合理控制措施等具有重要的现实意义。论文在分析了公路客运站环境要素的基础上，确定选择美国的新一代移动源排放预测模型MOVES作为车辆排放量化工具；根据MOVES模型的场站场景预测原理，提出了公路客运站模型数据输入需求；以西安市城南客运站作为研究对象，对出入站口交通量、场站布局、规模等进行实地调研；使用GPS测速仪实测了营运客车的站内及站外主干道行驶状态数据，并利用短行程单元分析法建立了客运站内车辆行驶周期；使用MOVES模型中的Driving cycle模式，结合本地化的输入参数分别计算客运站场内停车场、进出入站口、行驶区、发车位及下客区工作时段的尾气排放量；最后模拟了使用不同燃料对客运站内车辆各类污染物排放的影响，提出减少站内机动车排放的相关措施。
[Abstract]:With the continuous and rapid development of economy and the increase of vehicle ownership, vehicle pollutant emission has become one of the main sources of urban air pollution in China. Road transport station is the node of road network transportation in China. Undertake the main task of road passenger and cargo transportation in our country, but also cause the air pollution problem of passenger station and surrounding area. At present. Although some standards and regulations put forward the binding regulations on vehicle exhaust emissions in passenger stations, there is no specific quantitative system analysis and research on vehicle exhaust emissions in passenger stations. The research on the emission of vehicle pollutants in highway passenger station is of great practical significance to control, reduce the emission of pollutants from station yard, evaluate the discharge of pollutants from station yard and make reasonable control measures. On the basis of analyzing the environmental factors of highway passenger station, the paper chooses the new generation mobile source emission prediction model MOVES as the vehicle emission tool. According to the prediction principle of field station scene of MOVES model, the data input requirement of highway passenger station model is put forward. Taking the Chengnan passenger station in Xi'an as the research object, the traffic volume, the layout and the scale of the entrance and exit station were investigated on the spot. Using GPS velocimeter, the running state data of the main road in and out of the station are measured, and the cycle of the vehicle in the passenger station is established by using the method of short stroke unit analysis. Using the Driving cycle mode in the MOVES model, combined with the localized input parameters, the parking lot, the inbound port and the driving area of the passenger station are calculated respectively. Exhaust emissions from departure spaces and working hours in the lower passenger area; Finally, the effects of different fuels on the emission of various pollutants from vehicles in passenger stations are simulated, and relevant measures to reduce vehicle emissions in stations are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U492.145;U467.48

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