基于超声波技术的沥青混凝土路面无损检测研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 23:24

本文关键词： 超声波检测仪沥青路面传播衰减粘弹性实验研究　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国现代交通的快速发展，高速公路在经济建设、社会发展等方面发挥着重要作用，这也促进了公路工程质量检测技术向无破坏性、快速化、简便化方面发展。混凝土超声波检测仪用于沥青路面施工质量检测属于路面无损检测技术的新发展方向，但目前超声波无损检测技术在国内尚处于尝试利用阶段，针对沥青混凝土路面的理论研究及实际路面检测尚属空白。因此本人开展了相关方面的研究，期望能够使超声波无损检测技术理论研究及其应用得到一定程度的拓展，本论文的研究思路及主要研究内容如下：（1）从有损检测和无损检测两个方面总结沥青混凝土路面密度检测的各类技术，对不同的密度检测技术工作原理进行分析，重点阐述了超声波检测仪的基本工作原理，并对比分析各类沥青路面密度检测技术的优缺点及其适用范围。（2）基于弹性固体的波动理论与超声波在粘弹性材料中的传播特性，建立超声波在沥青路面中传播的模型，分析超声波在沥青混凝土路面中的传播衰减规律，，分析并推导了沥青混凝土路面粘弹性对超声波的衰减作用以及粘弹性介质与超声波速度的关系式。（3）分析沥青路面中超声波出现散射的原因及散射衰减规律，引入等效入射场及散射场模型，分析等效散射场之间相互作用及其衍生声场对超声波传播的影响因素，并推导出超声波散射所产生的等效入射场、散射场的声场关系式，探究分析了超声波在沥青路面中发生散射对检测结果的影响。（4）分析了超声波内摩擦所带来的吸收衰减，通过推导分布约束的微分方程，解释了超声波高频部分穿透性强于低频部分的原因，以及分析路面孔隙率对超声波衰减的影响因素。（5）阐述混凝土超声波检测仪的仪器参数和测量特性，研究超声波检测仪的标定及测试方法，将理论和实验相结合分析影响超声波检测仪测试的因素，以及研究探讨超声波检测仪用于沥青混路面压实度测试的可靠性和准确度，提出超声波检测路面应注意和改善的地方。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern traffic in China, expressway plays an important role in economic construction and social development, which also promotes the highway engineering quality detection technology to be non-destructive and rapid. The application of concrete ultrasonic detector in asphalt pavement construction quality detection belongs to the new development direction of pavement nondestructive testing technology, but at present the ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology is still in the stage of trial and use in our country. The theoretical research and practical pavement detection of asphalt concrete pavement are still blank. Therefore, I have carried out the relevant research in order to make the theoretical research and application of ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology expand to a certain extent. The research ideas and main contents of this thesis are as follows:. 1) summing up all kinds of technology of density detection of asphalt concrete pavement from two aspects of lossy detection and nondestructive testing, analyzing the working principle of different density detection technology, and emphatically expounding the basic working principle of ultrasonic testing instrument. The advantages and disadvantages of various asphalt pavement density detection techniques and their application range are compared and analyzed. 2) based on the wave theory of elastic solids and the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic wave in viscoelastic materials, a model of ultrasonic wave propagation in asphalt pavement is established, and the attenuation law of ultrasonic wave propagation in asphalt concrete pavement is analyzed. The attenuation effect of viscoelasticity on ultrasonic wave and the relationship between viscoelastic medium and ultrasonic velocity of asphalt concrete pavement are analyzed and deduced. This paper analyzes the cause and attenuation of ultrasonic scattering in asphalt pavement, introduces the equivalent incident field and scattering field model, and analyzes the interaction between the equivalent scattering field and the influence factors of the derived sound field on the ultrasonic propagation. The relationship between the equivalent incident field and the scattering field produced by ultrasonic scattering is derived, and the influence of ultrasonic scattering in asphalt pavement on the detection results is analyzed. In this paper, the absorption attenuation caused by ultrasonic internal friction is analyzed, the differential equation of distribution constraint is deduced, the reason that the penetration of ultrasonic wave in high frequency is stronger than that in low frequency is explained, and the influencing factors of pavement porosity on ultrasonic attenuation are analyzed. The instrument parameters and measurement characteristics of the concrete ultrasonic detector are described, the calibration and testing methods of the ultrasonic detector are studied, and the factors influencing the ultrasonic testing are analyzed by combining the theory with the experiment. The reliability and accuracy of ultrasonic testing instrument used in compaction testing of asphalt mixed pavement are discussed. The points for attention and improvement of ultrasonic testing pavement are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U416.21

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