高速公路改扩建方案比选研究

发布时间：2018-02-12 12:19

本文关键词： 高速公路改扩建交通预测费用模型模拟退火　出处：《兰州交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高速公路是经济发展的必然产物，对我国的产业结构及分布、城市结构和规模、中小城市的发展，以至在提高居民生活水平缩小城乡差别方面起着重要的作用。伴随国民经济的飞速增长，人们对于高速公路运输的交通需求不断增加，许多高速公路出现了拥堵及运营效率低下的问题。高速公路要适应及满足这种快速增长的运输需求可以通过大范围的新建高速公路或对旧路改扩建升级这两种途径来实现。从交通与经济发展的相关性来看，新建高速公路虽然能够解决交通运输需求问题，但是在给一个区域带来经济发展的同时也会带来很多负面效应，例如环境恶化、占用大量土地资源等。相比较而言，对已建高速公路进行改扩建具有占地少、污染小等优点。因此为了满足大量的运输需求，现在多数地区都十分青睐于对旧有高速公路进行改扩建。我国的现有的高速公路改扩建方案基本都是立足于拓宽路幅宽度，没有从系统的角度审视个别路段的改扩建对于高速公路路网通行能力的整体影响，并且改扩建方案众多，各有利弊，如何选择一个投资最小且获益最大的方案已成为亟待研究的重大课题。本文从综合考虑节约建设成本及解决通行能力的角度出发，对高速公路改扩建方案选择问题做了如下几方面的工作： 1.概括了我国高速公路的发展历程，分析了高速公路在发展过程中出现的问题及未来发展的趋势。综述了国内外在高速公路改扩建领域的研究现状。 2.研究并总结了传统四阶段法的交通需求预测原理及相关模型。 3.介绍了高速公路路段趋势交通量、诱增交通量、转移交通量的预测方法及模型，阐述了利用OD反推技术获取现状年OD交通量的原理与方法。 4.研究了几种常见改扩建方式及这些方式的优、缺点，并建立改扩建单位里程建设费用估算模型，从降低建设成本与解决通行能力的角度出发，提出了高速公路改扩建最优方案选择模型，并给出了模拟退火算法求解该模型时具体的操作。 5.将研究理论运用于实例分析之中，经过交通量预测、通行能力分析、求解方案选择模型等几个环节，得出实例中最优的改扩建方案，，加以验证高速公路改扩建方案选择模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:The expressway is an inevitable product of economic development. It plays an important role in the industrial structure and distribution, the urban structure and scale, the development of small and medium-sized cities, and even improving the living standard of urban residents, and narrowing the difference between urban and rural areas.
With the rapid growth of the national economy, increasing traffic demand for highway transportation, many highways appeared congestion and the problem of low operational efficiency. Highway to adapt to and meet the rapid growth of transport demand through a wide range of new highways or on the old road expansion and upgrading of the two ways from the perspective of relevance. Transportation and economic development, the new highway transportation demand is to solve the problem, but in a region to bring economic development will also bring many negative effects, such as the deterioration of the environment, take up a lot of land resources. In comparison, has been built on the highway expansion has less area, less pollution and other advantages. So in order to meet a lot of transportation demand, now most areas are very popular on the old highway to the extension.
Our country's existing highway reconstruction scheme is based on the width of road widening, no expansion of overall impact on capacity of freeway to examine individual sections from the angle of the system, and the reconstruction scheme is numerous, each have advantages and disadvantages, how to choose a minimum investment and benefit scheme has become a major issue urgently.
Based on the comprehensive consideration of saving construction cost and solving traffic capacity, this paper has done the following works for the selection of expressway expansion plan.
1., it summarizes the development process of Expressway in China, analyzes the problems and future development trend of expressway development, and summarizes the research status of expressway reconstruction and expansion at home and abroad.
2. research and summarize the traditional four phase method of traffic demand forecasting principle and related models.
3., it introduces the forecast methods and models of expressway traffic volume, induced traffic volume and traffic volume, and expounds the principle and method of obtaining the current OD traffic volume by using OD backstepping technology.
Study on several common faults of the 4. expansion mode and these advantages, and establish a modified cost estimation model of construction mileage expansion unit, by reducing construction cost and solve the capacity point of view, put forward the selection model of optimal scheme of expressway extension, and gives the specific operation of the model simulated annealing algorithm.
5., applying the research theory to the case analysis, through the traffic volume prediction, traffic capacity analysis and solution plan selection model, we get the best reconstruction and expansion plan in the case, and verify the effectiveness of the expressway renewal and expansion plan selection model.

【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U418.8

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