基于RFID技术的高速公路电子收费系统

发布时间：2018-02-13 07:05

本文关键词： 短程通信跳频技术电子标签　出处：《厦门大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前,我国高速公路发展迅速,高速公路收费系统应运而生。高速公路不停车收费电子收费系统是国际上正在普及的一种用于高速公路电子收费系统。高速公路不停车收费系统使驾驶员通过收费站时无须停车,利用互联网技术与银行进行后台结算处理,通过银行卡将所需费用进行自动扣除。该收费系统具有缩短车辆通行时间和提升收费通道通行能力等优势。 ETC提供智能交通系统的服务功能,该系统在车辆经过道口时进行自动收费,成为世界上最先进的现行交通收费系统。支撑着ETC的通信协议的协议是专用短程通信(DSRC)协议。它定义了车载设备(OBU)和路侧设备(RSU)之间的通信过程,并定义了两者进行通信的物理参数、操作流程、交互信息的格式等规范。目前许多发达国家如美国、新加坡已经部分或全部实现了不停车收费系统,我国在研究和制定适合我国国情的DSRC协议标准。本文首先介绍了国内外高速公路电子收费系统的发展现状,然后对专用短程通信技术(DSRC)的三层协议做了详尽的剖析,它是电子收费系统通信协议,射频芯片和路侧设备之间的通信是按照这个协议进行通信的。其中重点介绍了数据链路层；接着对收费系统的电子标签的构成做了具体的分析,对微型处理器MSP430的功能特性及内部结构进行了深入的介绍,分析了射频芯片A7105等模块的性能及传输数据模式,其中对跳频技术做了简单的介绍,对解决实际生活中出现的干扰问题具有重要的意义,同时对射频标签的硬件系统的各个组成部分的接口及电源做了简要的概述；最后简要的介绍高速公路收费系统电子标签的软件系统及部分代码。
[Abstract]:At present, the highway in our country is developing rapidly. Expressway toll collection system arises at the historic moment. Expressway non-stop toll electronic toll collection system is one of the most popular electronic toll collection systems in the world. Highway non-stop toll collection system enables drivers to collect. There is no need to stop at the toll station, By using Internet technology and bank to deal with the backstage settlement, the bank card can automatically deduct the required expenses. The system has the advantages of shortening the passage time of vehicles and improving the capacity of toll channels. ETC provides the services of an intelligent transportation system that automatically charges when vehicles pass through an intersection. The protocol that supports the communication protocol of ETC is the special short-range communication protocol. It defines the communication process between the vehicle-mounted equipment OBU) and the road-side equipment. At the same time, we define the physical parameters, operation flow, format of interactive information and so on. At present, many developed countries, such as the United States and Singapore, have partially or completely implemented the no-stop toll system. Our country is studying and formulating the DSRC protocol standard suitable for our country's national conditions. This paper first introduces the development status of expressway electronic toll collection system at home and abroad, and then makes a detailed analysis of the three-layer protocol of dedicated short-range communication technology (DSRC), which is the communication protocol of electronic toll collection system. The communication between RF chip and road side device is based on this protocol. The data link layer is introduced in detail, and then the composition of electronic tag of charge system is analyzed in detail. The functional characteristics and internal structure of microprocessor MSP430 are introduced in depth. The performance and data transmission mode of RF chip A7105 and other modules are analyzed, and the frequency hopping technology is briefly introduced. It is of great significance to solve the interference problem in real life. At the same time, the interface and power supply of each part of the hardware system of RF tag are briefly summarized. Finally, the paper briefly introduces the software system and some codes of the electronic tag of expressway toll collection system.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U495

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