基于通行效率的城市道路空间资源优化利用方法

发布时间：2018-02-24 03:31

本文关键词： 交通效率可变车道公交专用车道综合评价体系　出处：《合肥工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国社会、经济迅速发展,城市空间规模的快速膨胀,城市交通问题日益严重。仅依靠加大交通设施供给的交通发展模式已经不能满足城市交通需求成为业界共识,交通问题日益成为制约城市发展的主要问题之一。缓解城市交通问题,除了进行必要的交通设施建设,提高现有城市道路交通系统的运行效率十分必要。论文依托国家自然科学青年基金资助项目《基于时空检测的拥堵交通网络本征提取及快速疏散算法研究(No.61304195)》和安徽省自然科学青年基金资助项目《拥堵交通网络空间态势转换机理及其快速疏散研究(No.1408085QF111)》,对城市道路空间资源优化问题和方法进行研究,具体涉及以下内容：城市道路通行效率影响因素、城市道路路段可变车道设置方法、城市道路公交专用车道设置方法和城市道路优化利用综合评价。首先,对城市交通效率问题的含义和度量进行探讨。从城市布局特征、城市交通结构、城市交通设施和城市交通管理四个层面对城市道路通行效率的影响因素进行定性分析,阐述影响城市交通效率原因,为基于交通效率的城市道路路段可变车道设置方法、城市道路公交专用车道优化布局方法和城市道路优化利用综合评价体系构建提供依据。其次,提出城市道路路段可变车道设置方法和城市道路公交专用车道优化布局方法,二者分别以单位时空资源下完成的车流量最大和总出行时间成本最小为提高交通效率的研究目的。一定的道路时空资源下所通过的交通量越多、车辆运行速度越快,则交通效率就越大,基于此提出了考虑通行效率的路段可变车道设置方法。公交专用道网络布局研究中,主要从出行者角度出发,以总出行时间费用最小为目标,结合高峰小时公交出行OD矩阵约束条件,给出了公交专用道网络优化布局方法。最后,遵循评价指标体系建立的标准和原则,选取人口密度等23个评价指标,构建城市道路空间资源评价指标体系,给出评价指标的分级评价标准建议值,运用层次分析法确定评价指标的权重,为城市交通效率的综合评价提供方法,为交通方案优化提供参考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our society and economy , the rapid expansion of urban space scale , the problem of urban transportation is becoming more and more serious . Only by increasing the traffic development mode of supply of traffic facilities has become one of the main problems restricting the development of the city . In addition to the necessary construction of transportation facilities , it is necessary to improve the operation efficiency of the existing urban road traffic system . Based on the research on urban road space resources optimization problems and methods , the paper studies the urban road spatial resource optimization problems and methods based on the national natural science youth fund - funded project , the study of urban road spatial resource optimization problems and methods ( No.1408085QF111 ) . The paper mainly deals with the following aspects : the influencing factors of urban road traffic efficiency , the method of setting the variable lane of urban road sections , the method for setting the bus lanes for urban roads and the comprehensive evaluation of urban road optimization . Firstly , the paper discusses the meaning and measure of urban traffic efficiency problems . It analyzes the influencing factors of urban road traffic efficiency from the four aspects of urban layout feature , urban transport structure , urban transportation facilities and urban traffic management , and expounds the reasons for influencing the urban traffic efficiency , and provides the basis for the construction of the urban road section variable lane setting method based on traffic efficiency , the optimization layout method of the bus lane of the urban road and the urban road optimization . Secondly , the method for setting the variable lane of urban road segment and the optimal layout method for bus lane of urban road are put forward . Both the maximum traffic volume and the total travel time cost are the minimum for the research purpose of improving traffic efficiency . The more the traffic is adopted under certain road space - time resources , the greater the traffic efficiency , the more the traffic efficiency is considered . Finally , it follows the criteria and principles established by the evaluation index system , selects 23 evaluation indexes , such as population density , constructs the index system of urban road spatial resources evaluation , gives the evaluation index evaluation index recommendation value , uses the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of the evaluation index , provides a method for the comprehensive evaluation of the urban traffic efficiency , and provides a reference for the optimization of the traffic scheme .

【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491

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