大跨度拱桥监测系统的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-02-27 19:28

本文关键词： 桥梁监测粗差时间序列 GeoCOM　出处：《合肥工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：大跨度拱桥无论是在施工期间还是在运营维护期间都承受着各种因素的干扰，诸如安装的失误、遭遇恶劣天气以及繁重的交通压力等等很多不可预估的影响，它们给桥梁的质量和结构的安全带来极大的威胁。所以，实施实时动态监测已经成为维护大跨度拱桥的必要手段，而集成自动化监测、变形预测和模态参数识别等功能的监测系统必将成为未来研究大跨度拱桥监测的重要方向。本文基于测量机器人提供的GeoCOM接口技术，主要论述了建立完善的监测系统所需要的基础原理、重点环节和关键技术。包括监测控制网的基准、监测的影响因素、数据的处理分析环节、基于时间序列的预测分析和模态参数的识别以及GeoCOM接口技术开发的原理和流程等内容。在监测控制网建立部分讨论了两种平面基准的转换方法以及四种适用于桥梁监测的高程基准拟合方法；在监测基本原理中主要介绍全站仪三角高程以及测平面坐标的原理，重点研究了怎么样消除大气折光的影响；在数据处理环节，提出了“跳跃点”法代替传统的方法剔除粗差，并且结合实例提供一种能较好地表达桥梁形态变形的计算方法，即把拱度变化和中轴线偏移作为成果数据；基于时间序列的分析和预测主要讲述了建立平稳的时间序列所需要的步骤并且举例说明采用AR模型进行预测的效果，随后又对ITD法进行模态参数进行了简单的分析；最后，作为最为核心的基于GeoCOM接口技术的开发环节，本文主要从其原理、主要流程和功能详细设计进行了论述和研究，，为自动化监测系统的建立提供了扎实的理论基础。
[Abstract]:Both during construction and during operation and maintenance, long-span arch bridges are affected by various factors, such as installation errors, severe weather and heavy traffic pressure, and so on. They pose a great threat to the quality of bridges and the safety of structures. Therefore, the implementation of real-time dynamic monitoring has become a necessary means of maintaining long-span arch bridges, and integrated automatic monitoring. The monitoring system with the functions of deformation prediction and modal parameter identification will become an important direction in the future research of long-span arch bridge monitoring. Based on the GeoCOM interface technology provided by the measuring robot, this paper mainly discusses the basic principles, key links and key technologies needed to establish a perfect monitoring system, including the datum of the monitoring control network and the influencing factors of the monitoring. Data processing and analysis, The prediction analysis based on time series and modal parameter identification, as well as the principle and flow of GeoCOM interface technology development are discussed. In the part of monitoring and control network establishment, the conversion methods of two kinds of plane datum and four kinds suitable for bridge are discussed. The height datum fitting method for beam monitoring; In the basic principle of monitoring, this paper mainly introduces the principle of total station trigonometric elevation and plane coordinate measurement, emphatically studies how to eliminate the influence of atmospheric refraction, and puts forward the method of "jumping point" instead of traditional method to eliminate gross error in data processing. A calculation method which can better express the shape deformation of bridge is provided with examples, that is to say, the variation of arch and the offset of central axis are taken as the result data. The analysis and prediction based on time series mainly describe the steps needed to establish a stable time series and illustrate the prediction effect of AR model with examples. Then the modal parameters of ITD method are analyzed simply. As the most core development link based on GeoCOM interface technology, this paper mainly discusses and studies its principle, main process and function design, which provides a solid theoretical basis for the establishment of automatic monitoring system.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U446

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