高速公路施工作业区交通管理与安全保障技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 06:08

本文选题：高速公路　切入点：施工作业区　出处：《重庆交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高速公路施工作业区是为高速公路养护和维修作业而设置的特殊交通管理区域。由于高速公路施工作业过程通常并不中断交通，施工路段受施工作业的影响比较大，往往出现车道数量减少并存在车辆合流、跟驰和分流等复杂运行状况，路段通行能力下降、交通延误加剧、交通事故率上升。高速公路施工作业区已成为交通障碍和新的事故危险源，是高速公路常发性交通拥挤和诱发各类交通事故的主要区域之一。施工作业区的交通安全与畅通问题已成为交通管理者、汽车驾驶人和社会公众非常关心的问题。本文通过对高速公路施工作业区道路、交通特性的全面分析，进一步阐述了高速公路施工作业区的交通安全隐患和控制段划分方法，并根据高速公路施工作业区的安保要求和减少交通拥堵的需要，深入研究了施工作业区各控制段长度的确定方法，提出了高速公路施工作业区中警告段、过渡段、缓冲段、终止段长度计算公式和标准，采用成本-费用函数和仿真方法，建立了施工作业段合理长度计算模型。在此基础上，结合高速公路施工作业区的特点和安全运行要求，系统研究了高速公路施工作业区的安全保障技术与措施，对高速公路施工作业区交通标志、标线、车道分隔设施、防撞设施设置以及速度控制技术等问题进行了深入研究，建立了交通标志视认模型，，提出了标志设置位置、重复设置次数及重复设置间隔等关键技术参数，并对施工作业区的限速标准与速度控制措施等问题进行了研究，提出了分段限速标准与相应的速度控制措施，为高速公路施工作业区交通管理提供了技术指导。最后，应用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法，从系统完善的角度对施工作业区交通安全设施设置效果（合理性和有效性）进行了量化评价，构建了效果评价指标体系和评价模型及标准。本文的上述研究成果在江西昌九高速公路养护施工中进行了具体应用，结果表明，文中所提出的施工作业区各控制段长度确定方法符合实际和需要，对减少施工路段的交通拥堵、降低交通事故率具有明显的作用和效果；提出的施工作业区交通安全保障技术及安全设施布设方案是合理和有效的，对高速公路施工作业区的交通管理和安全保障有很强的理论指导和实际参考价值。
[Abstract]:Expressway construction operation area is a special traffic management area for expressway maintenance and maintenance. Because the expressway construction operation process usually does not interrupt traffic, the construction section is greatly affected by the construction operation. Often, the number of lanes is reduced and there are complex operation conditions such as vehicle convergence, car-following and shunting, and so on. The traffic capacity of road sections decreases and traffic delays are aggravated. The traffic accident rate has risen. The expressway construction work area has become a traffic obstacle and a new accident hazard source. It is one of the main areas where traffic congestion and traffic accidents occur frequently in expressway. The problem of traffic safety and smooth flow in construction operation area has become a problem of great concern to traffic managers, automobile drivers and the public. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the road and traffic characteristics of the expressway construction work area, this paper further expounds the hidden trouble of traffic safety and the division method of the control section in the expressway construction work area. According to the security requirements of the expressway construction operation area and the need to reduce traffic congestion, the method of determining the length of each control section in the construction operation area is studied in depth, and the warning section, transition section and buffer section in the expressway construction operation area are put forward. Based on the formula and standard of the length calculation of the termination section, the reasonable length calculation model of the construction operation section is established by using the cost-cost function and the simulation method. On this basis, the characteristics and safe operation requirements of the expressway construction work area are combined. This paper systematically studies the safety protection technology and measures of the expressway construction work area, and makes a deep research on the traffic signs, marking lines, lane separation facilities, anti-collision facilities and speed control technology in the expressway construction work area. The traffic sign recognition model is established, and the key technical parameters, such as the location of sign setting, the times of repeated setting and the interval of repeated setting, are put forward, and the speed limit standard and speed control measures in the construction work area are studied. The speed limit standard and corresponding speed control measures are put forward in order to provide technical guidance for traffic management in expressway construction work area. Finally, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are applied. From the point of view of system perfection, this paper quantitatively evaluates the effect (rationality and validity) of traffic safety facilities in construction operation area, and constructs the evaluation index system, evaluation model and standard. The above research results of this paper have been applied in the maintenance construction of Jiangxi Changjiu Expressway. The results show that the method of determining the length of each control section in the construction operation area is in line with the actual situation and needs. It has obvious effect and effect to reduce traffic congestion and traffic accident rate of construction section, and the proposed scheme of traffic safety guarantee technology and safety installation in construction operation area is reasonable and effective. It has strong theoretical guidance and practical reference value for the traffic management and safety guarantee of expressway construction operation area.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U415;U491

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