行人过街设施设置的关键问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 07:55

本文选题：行人过街设施　切入点：综合计算方法体系　出处：《西南交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：步行交通是城市交通的重要组成部分,行人在整个混合交通中处于弱势群体的地位,行人过街的安全性和舒适性得不到保障。行人过街设施是城市交通设施的重要组成部分,也是整个步行系统不可或缺的环节,可为行人提供安全的过街通道,减少交通事故的发生。目前,行人过街设施虽然在一定程度上发挥了其功能与作用,但在其设置上依然存在很多问题。科学合理地设置行人过街设施,可在一定程度上改善城市交通运行状况,保证行人过街设施的有效利用,从而更好地服务于行人。因此,研究行人过街设施选型、选址和合理间距三个关键问题,优化行人过街设施设置具有重要现实意义。论文首先介绍了行人过街设施的基本组成、不同型式的特点以及设置形式,分析了行人过街设施的服务特性,并对行人过街设施存在的问题进行了总结。其次,通过实地调查分析了行人过街的交通流特性,通过调查问卷的形式研究了过街行为特性和心理特性,包括违法行为、行人极限等待时间、可接受绕行距离和对过街设施的选择偏好。接着,本文综合考虑三个关键问题对行人过街设施功能的影响及其相互联系,提出行人过街设施类型、位置和合理间距的综合计算方法体系。通过对方法体系中的三个关键问题进行研究,提出基于定性和定量分析的“二阶段”行人过街设施选型方法,第一阶段建立行人过街设施选型的基本原则,第二阶段以行人极限等待时间为约束条件,结合道路状况、车辆运行状况和行人过街特性,建立行人过街设施的设置条件；以所有使用行人过街设施的行人步行距离之和最小为目标,建立选址的定量分析模型：以车辆和行人延误之和最小为目标,确定平面过街设施的合理间距。根据行人过街设施设置的方法体系,结合三个关键问题的研究,运用MATLAB软件进行程序开发,在程序里输入相应参数,从而输出行人过街设施的类型和位置。最后,运用实例分析验证行人过街设施设置的方法体系的可行性。
[Abstract]:Pedestrian traffic is an important part of urban traffic, pedestrian is in the position of weak group in the whole mixed traffic, the safety and comfort of pedestrian crossing are not guaranteed. Pedestrian crossing facilities is an important part of urban traffic facilities. It is also an indispensable link in the whole walking system, which can provide safe passage for pedestrians and reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents. At present, pedestrian crossing facilities have played their functions and functions to a certain extent. However, there are still many problems in setting up pedestrian crossing facilities. To a certain extent, setting up pedestrian crossing facilities can improve the operation of urban traffic to a certain extent, ensure the effective utilization of pedestrian crossing facilities, and serve pedestrians better. It is of great practical significance to study the selection of pedestrian crossing facilities, site selection and reasonable spacing, and to optimize pedestrian crossing facilities. The paper first introduces the basic composition of pedestrian crossing facilities, different types of characteristics and settings, analyzes the service characteristics of pedestrian crossing facilities, and summarizes the problems existing in pedestrian crossing facilities. Secondly, the characteristics of pedestrian traffic flow are analyzed through field investigation, and the behavior and psychological characteristics of pedestrian crossing are studied by questionnaire, including illegal behavior, pedestrian limit waiting time. Acceptable detour distance and preference for crossing facilities. Then, considering the influence of three key problems on pedestrian crossing facilities and their interrelation, this paper puts forward the pedestrian crossing facilities type. Based on the study of three key problems in the method system, a "two-stage" pedestrian crossing facility selection method based on qualitative and quantitative analysis is proposed. In the first stage, the basic principles of pedestrian crossing facilities selection are established. In the second stage, the limit waiting time of pedestrians is taken as the constraint condition, and the setting conditions of pedestrian crossing facilities are established in combination with the road condition, vehicle running condition and pedestrian crossing characteristics. Taking the minimum walking distance of all pedestrian crossing facilities as the goal, a quantitative analysis model of location selection was established: the minimum of vehicle and pedestrian delays was taken as the goal, According to the method system of setting pedestrian crossing facilities, combined with the research of three key problems, the program is developed by using MATLAB software, and the corresponding parameters are input into the program. Thus the type and location of pedestrian crossing facilities are outputted. Finally, the feasibility of setting up pedestrian crossing facilities is verified by an example.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.5

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