基于复杂网络理论的城市道路网络脆弱性研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 17:24

本文选题：城市道路网络　切入点：脆弱性研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市道路网络作为城市的骨架，对城市的正常运转起着至关重要的作用，但伴随着城市道路网络的不断发展，其承担灾害的风险也随之加大，抵御灾害能力的脆弱性也在不断的暴露出来。当城市道路网络受到破坏时，交通运行将受到严重影响，社会经济将遭受重大损失，人们正常的生活活动也将受到影响。因此，有必要深入研究道路网络暴露出来的问题性质和规律，通过分析道路网络脆弱性的影响因素和影响程度，，找出关键路段、关键节点和关键区域，并以此来指导交通规划和管理。本文首先从城市道路网络拓扑结构复杂性、交通流时空分布复杂性以及流量演化机制复杂性三方面说明了复杂网络理论用于城市道路网络的可行性，对脆弱性与鲁棒性及可靠性的概念进行了辨析，给出了城市道路网络脆弱性的定义，从道路网络物理结构、道路网络交通流以及自然与人为灾害等方面系统分析了城市道路网络脆弱性的主要影响因素，对突发事件情况下出行者的交通反应行为与路网络脆弱性的反馈关系进行分析。将城市道路网络抽象为一个复杂加权网络，结合网络的物理属性和流量属性得到了网络中边与节点的权重计算公式，在充分考虑脆弱性影响因素的情况下，从动态、静态、动态加静态三个角度给出了三个联系密切且侧重不同的评价指标，用层次分析法得到了三个指标的权重，构建了综合脆弱度评价模型。以经典的Sioux falls网络和深圳市某区域实际道路网络为案例，运用评价指标体系及评价模型得到了网络中各路段、交叉口及区域脆弱度，对单一指标的评价结果与综合评价指标的评价结果之间的差异，以及案例网络综合脆弱度评价结果之间的差异进行了比较分析，指出了城市道路网络脆弱性综合评价指标的优越性。
[Abstract]:As the skeleton of the city, urban road network plays a vital role in the normal operation of the city, but with the continuous development of the urban road network, the risk of disaster is also increased. Vulnerability to disasters is also constantly exposed. When urban road networks are damaged, traffic will be severely affected, social and economic losses will be significant, and people's normal life activities will be affected. It is necessary to deeply study the nature and law of the problems exposed by road network, and find out the key road sections, key nodes and key areas by analyzing the influencing factors and degree of the vulnerability of road networks, and guide traffic planning and management. In this paper, the feasibility of applying complex network theory to urban road network is illustrated from three aspects: the complexity of urban road network topology, the complexity of space-time distribution of traffic flow and the complexity of flow evolution mechanism. In this paper, the concepts of vulnerability, robustness and reliability are analyzed, and the definition of vulnerability of urban road network is given, and the physical structure of road network is given. The main influencing factors of urban road network vulnerability are systematically analyzed in terms of road network traffic flow and natural and man-made disasters. The feedback relationship between travelers' traffic response behavior and road network vulnerability is analyzed in the case of unexpected events. Abstract the urban road network into a complex weighted network, combining the physical attribute and the flow attribute of the network, the weight calculation formula of the edge and node in the network is obtained. Three closely related and different evaluation indexes are given from dynamic plus static three angles. The weights of the three indexes are obtained by AHP and the comprehensive vulnerability evaluation model is constructed. Taking the classical Sioux falls network and the actual road network of a certain area in Shenzhen as an example, using the evaluation index system and the evaluation model, we get the degree of vulnerability of each section, intersection and region in the network. The differences between the evaluation results of single index and comprehensive evaluation index, as well as the evaluation results of comprehensive vulnerability of case networks are compared and analyzed. The superiority of the comprehensive evaluation index of urban road network vulnerability is pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U412.1

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