营运车辆驾驶人职业适宜性评价指标筛选

发布时间：2018-03-16 09:56

本文选题：营运驾驶　切入点：职业适宜性　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：营运驾驶人承担着比普通驾驶人更大的责任，他们的驾驶行为直接关系到乘客和货主的生命财产安全，因此，营运驾驶人应该比普通驾驶人要有更高的准入机制，严防不适合从事职业驾驶作业任务的驾驶人进入到营运驾驶人的队伍。而判定驾驶人是否适宜从事职业驾驶工作，还需对驾驶人的相应指标进行检测，依据检测结果来判定驾驶人是否适合从事职业驾驶工作。本文通过大量的理论分析以及参阅国内外文献，分析了影响驾驶适宜性的因素；将驾驶行为划分为感知-判断决策-操作三个阶段，为了能够有效表征各个阶段驾驶人的心理、生理变化，提取速度估计、选择反应时间、选择反应错误次数、深度知觉、动体视力、暗适应以及处置判断作为评价驾驶适宜性的特征指标。采集大量样本数据，以样本数据为基础，将驾驶人分为两组，，即事故组与无事故组，分别讨论两组驾驶人的各个指标特征的变化情况；在此基础上，构建基于主成分分析的驾驶人职业适宜性评价模型，通过提取主成分，降低问题的复杂度，最终提取前四个主成分作为评价模型的新输入。通过计算得出不同事故组驾驶人的E值得分，通过阈值判断即可判定驾驶人的类别，由于E值的阈值范围对模型划分驾驶人类型影响较大，为此，本文将不同阈值区间长度下模型划分的准确率作为选取阈值区间长度的判定条件，最后确定的区间长度为0.1，区间所在范围为0~0.1，这就保证模型能够以94%的准确率区分开驾驶人所属类别，从而为判定驾驶人是否适合从事职业驾驶工作提供了一种思路。
[Abstract]:Operators bear more responsibility than ordinary drivers, and their driving behavior is directly related to the safety of the lives and property of passengers and cargo owners. Therefore, operators should have a higher access mechanism than ordinary drivers. Strictly guard against drivers who are not suitable for professional driving tasks and enter the ranks of operating drivers. To determine whether the driver is fit for professional driving, we also need to test the corresponding indicators of the driver. Based on the test results to determine whether the driver is suitable for professional driving. Through a large number of theoretical analysis and reference to domestic and foreign literature, this paper analyzes the factors affecting driving suitability, divides driving behavior into three stages: perception, judgment, decision making and operation. In order to effectively represent the psychological and physiological changes of the driver in each stage, to extract the estimation of speed, to select the reaction time, to select the number of errors in the reaction, to perceive the depth of the reaction, to observe the visual acuity of the moving body. Dark adaptation and disposal judgment are characteristic indicators to evaluate driving suitability. A large number of sample data are collected, and based on sample data, drivers are divided into two groups, that is, accident group and no-accident group. On the basis of this, the evaluation model of driver's professional suitability based on principal component analysis (PCA) is constructed to reduce the complexity of the problem by extracting the principal component. Finally, the first four principal components are extracted as the new input to the evaluation model. The E value of drivers in different accident groups is calculated, and the category of drivers can be determined by threshold judgment. Because the threshold range of E value has a great influence on the driver type of model division, the accuracy of model partition under different threshold interval length is taken as the criterion to select the threshold interval length in this paper. Finally, the length of the interval is determined to be 0.1, and the range of the interval is 0.0.1, which ensures that the model can distinguish the category of the driver with the accuracy of 94%, thus providing a way of thinking for judging whether the driver is suitable for professional driving.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U471.3;U492.4

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