半封闭公交枢纽火灾人员疏散研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 15:50

本文选题：公交枢纽　切入点：火灾　出处：《消防科学与技术》2014年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：对公交枢纽上班高峰期的人流和车流分布进行测量,并对公交枢纽几何形状和气流参数进行现场调研,然后采用数值模拟分析公交中部区域着火时的烟气扩散,并采用FDS+EVAC和STEPS疏散模拟软件进行研究,比较火灾工况和没有火灾的疏散时间。考虑火灾因素后,230s内该公交枢纽内1 662个人员可以安全疏散且该时间段内烟气还没有蔓延到各出入口。而STEPS软件由于不能直接加入火灾影响因素导致计算的疏散时间少于FDS+EVAC的结果。利用FDS+EVAC进行有无火灾两种工况对比发现,疏散时间相差不大。对于半封闭高大空间类公交枢纽,在合理疏散引导的前提下,安全疏散的主要影响因素是疏散通道的结构,火灾烟气扩散在初期阶段对人员安全疏散影响不大。
[Abstract]:The distribution of passenger flow and traffic flow during the rush hour of public transport hub was measured, and the geometry and gas flow parameters of the hub were investigated on the spot. Then, the smoke diffusion in the middle of the public transport area was analyzed by numerical simulation. Using FDS EVAC and STEPS evacuation simulation software, The fire condition and evacuation time without fire were compared. After considering the fire factors, 1 662 people in the bus hub could be evacuated safely within 230s and the smoke did not spread to the entrance and exit within this time period. However, the STEPS software could not reach the entrance or exit because of the failure of the software. The result that the evacuation time calculated by adding fire factors directly is less than that of FDS EVAC. The comparison between the two working conditions with or without fire is made by FDS EVAC. The evacuation time is not different. For the semi-enclosed large space bus hub, under the premise of reasonable evacuation guidance, the main influencing factor of safety evacuation is the structure of evacuation passage. Fire smoke diffusion has little effect on safety evacuation in the initial stage.
【作者单位】：北京工业大学建筑工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51378040);2014中国消防协会科学技术年会“青年消防学者论坛”交流论文
【分类号】：U492.83

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