不平整路面车辆动荷载计算方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 04:15

本文选题：平整度　切入点：车辆振动　出处：《重庆交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：车辆在不平整路面上高速行驶，路面对车辆产生随机激励，导致车辆垂直振动。这种振动影响了沥青路面的动力响应，使路面平整度的衰减速度加快，车辆行驶与平整度差的路面上产生更大的附加振动，因此路面平整度和车辆动荷载之间存在耦合关系。为深入研究路面在车辆振动影响下的响应情况，必须对车辆路面耦合动力学模型进行研究。基于车路耦合作用，本文从路面平整度激励入手，运用随机测量数理统计理论依拉达拉法则对实测平整度指标数据进行预处理，，建立置信误差标准对路面进行分段，基于M.W.Sayers理论建立分段路面正弦波形函数作为车路耦合作用的不平整度激励。通过路段车辆轴载调查得到高速公路常见载重车型，根据车辆振动理论建立高速公路常见载重车型的车路振动力学模型。运用MATLAB软件编写程序实车辆动荷载的计算，根据计算结果对平整度波形参数、车辆行驶速度、车辆载重、车辆轮胎胎压对动荷载的影响规律进行研究。得到的主要研究结果有： ①路面不平整度参数波长λ、幅值a和标准差σ之间存在着定量关系。波长与幅值符合二次多项式拟合关系，波长与标准差呈反比例关系，幅值与标准差呈正比例关系。 ②运用置信误差α分段后计算得到的路面的平均标准差较按公里分段计算平均标准差结果更可靠精确。 ③二轴车辆（1+2型）后轮动荷载和动荷载系数均比前轮小；三轴车辆（1+5型）后轮动荷载和动荷载系数最大，中间轮动荷载和动荷载系数最小；四轴车辆挂车前后车轮动荷载相差较小且均比拖车车轮动荷载和动荷载系数大。 ④车辆动荷载均随着路面的波形幅值和波长的增大而增大；车辆行驶速度对车辆动载影响较大，随着车速的增大车辆动载和动载系数相应增加；车辆动载和动载系数随着载重增加而降低，空车动载大不容忽视；超压行驶车辆产生的动荷载和动荷载系数较大，必须严格控制。
[Abstract]:When a vehicle travels at a high speed on an uneven road surface, the road produces random excitation to the vehicle, which results in the vertical vibration of the vehicle. This vibration affects the dynamic response of the asphalt pavement and accelerates the attenuation speed of the pavement smoothness. There is a coupling relationship between the pavement smoothness and the vehicle dynamic load. In order to study the response of the pavement under the influence of vehicle vibration, there is a coupling relationship between the pavement smoothness and the vehicle dynamic load. The coupling dynamic model of vehicle pavement must be studied. Based on the vehicle-road coupling, this paper starts with the road smoothness excitation, uses the random measurement mathematical statistics theory to preprocess the measured smoothness index data, and establishes the confidence error standard to segment the pavement. Based on the M.W.Sayers theory, the sine wave function of segmented pavement is established as the unevenness excitation of vehicle-road coupling. Through the investigation of the axle load of the vehicle in the section of road, the common heavy-duty vehicle model of expressway is obtained. Based on the theory of vehicle vibration, the dynamic model of vehicle vibration of common heavy-duty vehicles on expressway is established. The calculation of vehicle dynamic load is compiled by using MATLAB software. According to the calculation results, the parameters of smoothness waveform, vehicle speed and vehicle load are calculated. The effect of tire tire tire pressure on dynamic load is studied. The main results are as follows:. 1. There is a quantitative relationship between the road roughness parameter wavelength 位, amplitude a and standard deviation 蟽. The relationship between wavelength and amplitude is in accordance with quadratic polynomial fitting, the relationship between wavelength and standard deviation is inverse, and the amplitude is proportional to standard deviation. (2) the average standard deviation calculated by using the confidence error 伪 segment is more reliable and accurate than the average standard deviation calculated by the kilometer section. (3) the coefficient of dynamic load and dynamic load of rear wheel is smaller than that of front wheel, the coefficient of dynamic load and dynamic load of rear wheel is the largest, the coefficient of dynamic load and dynamic load of middle wheel is the smallest. The difference of wheel dynamic load before and after trailers is smaller and larger than that of trailer wheels. (4) the vehicle dynamic load increases with the increase of the amplitude and wavelength of the road waveform, and the vehicle driving speed has a great influence on the vehicle dynamic load, and the vehicle dynamic load and dynamic load coefficient increase with the increase of the speed of the vehicle. The dynamic load and the dynamic load coefficient of the vehicle decrease with the increase of the load load, and the large dynamic load of the empty car can not be ignored; the dynamic load and dynamic load coefficient of the overpressure driving vehicle is large and must be strictly controlled.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U416.2;U461.5

【参考文献】