半开放式多配送中心车辆路径优化问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 08:40

本文选题：半开放式车辆路径问题　切入点：蚁群算法　出处：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球经济的飞速发展以及现代科学技术的进步,物流产业作为国民经济发展中的基础性产业,正在全球范围内迅速扩张,已逐步成为影响国民经济发展的支撑性产业,具有十分重要的经济战略地位。物流配送作为物流系统中最为重要的组成部分,是实现现代化物流的关键。随着电子商务和物联网技术的快速发展,物流配送模式开始向区域化、多批次、小批量的方向发展,传统的分区配送模式已经无法满足现代物流的需求。针对新形势下的物流配送需求,本文引入半开放式车辆路径问题,在基于多配送中心信息和资源共享的基础上,建立了跨区域联合运输的新型物流配送模式。使物流配送企业不再局限于某一固定的区域,从而提高了车辆的利用率,降低运输成本。同时,考虑到现实的运输情况,文章所构建模型考虑了车辆数以及工作时间限制的约束,能够有效的制定各配送中心的车辆调度方案及租车决策,论文研究还从客户的角度出发,在目标函数中引入基于软时间窗的惩罚函数,满足了客户对服务时间和配送质量的双重要求。有效的增强物流企业的市场竞争力,因此具有较强的理论意义和实际价值。文章首先在简述了车辆路径问题的概念及研究历程的基础上,详细分析了标准车辆路径问题及其扩展问题,对常用的基本求解算法进行了简要介绍。其次针对我国现阶段物流配送研究的不足,引入带时间窗的半开放式多配送中心车辆路径问题作为解决方案。基于研究问题的特征采用整体法的求解思路,选取蚁群算法对其进行求解第三,建立了带时间窗的半开放式多配送中心车辆路径问题数学模型,简述蚁群算法原理,分析了算法中所涉及的关键参数,针对所构建的数学模型设计了相应的蚁群算法。最后,运用所构建的数学模型和设计的蚁群算法对不同客户点规模的算例进行求解,通过与分解法求解思路所得的结果进行对比分析,验证了本文所提出模型和算法的有效性,为决策者提供一定的理论支持。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global economy and the progress of modern science and technology, logistics industry, as a basic industry in the development of national economy, is expanding rapidly all over the world and has gradually become a supporting industry that affects the development of national economy. Logistics distribution, as the most important part of logistics system, is the key to realize modern logistics. With the rapid development of electronic commerce and Internet of things technology, The logistics distribution mode began to develop towards regionalization, multi-batches and small batches, and the traditional regional distribution mode could not meet the needs of modern logistics. Aiming at the demand of logistics distribution under the new situation, this paper introduces the semi-open vehicle routing problem, which is based on the multi-distribution center information and resource sharing. This paper establishes a new logistics distribution mode of trans-regional joint transportation, which makes the logistics distribution enterprise no longer confined to a fixed area, thereby increasing the utilization rate of vehicles and reducing the transportation cost. At the same time, considering the actual transportation situation, Considering the constraints of the number of vehicles and the working time limit, the model can effectively formulate the vehicle scheduling scheme and rental decision of each distribution center. The paper also studies from the customer's point of view. The penalty function based on soft time window is introduced into the objective function, which meets the double requirements of customer service time and distribution quality, and effectively enhances the market competitiveness of logistics enterprises, so it has strong theoretical significance and practical value. On the basis of brief introduction of the concept and research course of the vehicle routing problem, this paper analyzes the standard vehicle routing problem and its expansion problem in detail, and introduces the basic algorithms for solving the problem in brief. Secondly, aiming at the deficiency of logistics distribution research in our country, the vehicle routing problem of semi-open multi-distribution center with time window is introduced as the solution. Based on the characteristics of the research problem, the whole method is used to solve the problem. Ant colony algorithm is selected to solve the problem. Thirdly, the mathematical model of vehicle routing problem in semi-open multi-distribution center with time window is established, the principle of ant colony algorithm is briefly described, the key parameters involved in the algorithm are analyzed, and the corresponding ant colony algorithm is designed for the mathematical model constructed. Finally, the mathematical model and ant colony algorithm are used to solve the problems of different customer size, and the results are compared with those obtained by decomposition method. The validity of the proposed model and algorithm is verified, and theoretical support is provided for decision makers.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U492.22

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