基于熵权法的旅游公路景观评价体系研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 14:36

本文选题：旅游公路　切入点：景观评价　出处：《重庆交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着公路里程的快速增长和旅游业的持续发展，如何把公路交通与周边环境合理地融为一体，实现公路的畅安舒美，已经成为旅游公路景观建设中的一个重要课题。公路景观评价是衡量公路工程对环境影响程度的一种方法，通过景观评价，可以揭示了公路周边人类社会活动与自然生态系统之间的影响关系，评价结果可以作为环境保护措施的决策依据以及公路景观规划建设的参考。同时，通过景观评价可以为我国建设完善的风景道即旅游公路体系打下理论基础，并且可以为旅游公路服务等级评判标准的制定提供参考。本文首先对旅游公路进行了定义，对旅游公路在国内外的发展情况进行了总结。在对熵原理研究的基础上，阐述了信息熵以及熵权法在景观评价系统中的应用。目前，，常用于公路景观评价的方法主要包括景观美学评价和景观综合评价。其中，景观综合评价包括了生态、美学、文化等内容的总体评价。结合常用公路景观综合评价方法的分析，重点对比了层次分析法、模糊综合评价法、灰色关联度评价法、以及基于层次分析法的模糊综合评价法在公路景观评价中的优缺点，以上四种评价方法的共同缺点是无法消除评价结果的主观性。为尽量减小主观性对评价结果的影响，本文提出了使用熵权法对旅游公路景观进行综合评价。基于熵权法，首先目标分解法对旅游公路景观构成要素进行分类分层，建立评价指标体系和熵权模型；其次针对景观构成要素设计指标重要性进行问卷调查，计算熵权。指标的熵值越小，熵权越大，亦即该评价指标包含的信息量越大，在旅游公路景观评价中该指标的重要性越高。熵权计算的结果表明，沿线生态环境类指标是旅游公路评价中最重要的指标，其次是公路设计要素类指标，最后是路域文化景观类指标。论文参考行业内专家提出的公路景观评价等级划分方法，建立了旅游公路景观综合评分模型，参考一般公路景观等级划分标准提出了旅游公路景观等级划分标准。最后以海南省东郊至龙楼旅游公路景观设计为例，依据景观评价各指标熵权，以及旅游公路景观综合评分模型，计算其景观设计综合评分和景观等级。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of highway mileage and the sustainable development of tourism, how to combine highway traffic with surrounding environment reasonably and realize the smooth and comfortable of highway has become an important subject in the construction of tourist highway landscape. Highway landscape evaluation is a method to measure the impact of highway engineering on the environment. Through landscape evaluation, the influence relationship between human social activities and natural ecosystem around the highway can be revealed. The evaluation results can be used as the decision basis of environmental protection measures and the reference of highway landscape planning and construction. At the same time, the evaluation of landscape can lay a theoretical foundation for the construction of a perfect scenic road in China, that is, the tourist highway system. And can provide the reference for the establishment of the evaluation standard of the service grade of the tourist highway. This paper first defines the tourism highway, summarizes the development of the tourist highway at home and abroad, and on the basis of studying the entropy principle, expounds the application of information entropy and entropy weight method in the landscape evaluation system. At present, the methods commonly used in highway landscape evaluation mainly include landscape aesthetics evaluation and landscape comprehensive evaluation. Combined with the analysis of common highway landscape comprehensive evaluation methods, this paper mainly compares AHP, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, grey relational degree evaluation, and so on. As well as the advantages and disadvantages of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on AHP in highway landscape evaluation, the common shortcoming of the four evaluation methods is that the subjectivity of evaluation results can not be eliminated. In order to minimize the impact of subjectivity on the evaluation results, this paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation of tourist highway landscape by entropy weight method. Based on entropy weight method, the objective decomposition method is used to classify and stratify the elements of tourism highway landscape. The evaluation index system and entropy weight model are established. Secondly, the importance of the design index of landscape components is investigated and the entropy weight is calculated. The smaller the entropy value of the index is, the greater the entropy weight is, that is, the more information the evaluation index contains, the more information the evaluation index contains. The result of entropy weight calculation shows that the ecological environment index along the route is the most important index in the tourism highway evaluation, and the next is the key factor index of highway design. Finally, the road cultural landscape indicators. Referring to the classification method of highway landscape evaluation grade put forward by experts in the industry, the comprehensive evaluation model of tourist highway landscape is established, and the standard of tourism highway landscape grade classification is put forward by referring to the general highway landscape classification standard. Finally, taking the landscape design of tourism highway from the eastern suburb of Hainan Province to Longlou as an example, according to the entropy weight of each index of landscape evaluation and the comprehensive evaluation model of tourist road landscape, the comprehensive score and landscape grade of landscape design are calculated.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U418.9

【参考文献】