基于线形设计一致性的公路安全设计理论研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 21:01

本文选题：线形设计一致性　切入点：运行速度　出处：《北京交通大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：公路交通事故与公路条件尤其是线形条件有着密切的联系,科学顺畅的线形、清晰醒目的行车指示、充分的视距保证和符合驾驶期望的路线是车辆行驶安全的基本保障。因此从道路线形设计一致性的方向对公路安全性进行研究,具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文以大量的实地动态采集数据为基础,结合我国车辆的动力性能进行车型分类,对多车道公路和双车道公路进行路段划分,并得到各典型路段的V85的计算式和道路线形、运行速度以及交通安全三者之间的关系。通过分析公路平、纵、横线形指标对公路安全性的影响,提出公路线形空间描述综合指标,采用系统建模方法,构建反映公路线形空间几何特性的函数,在对各参数对线形综合指标敏感性分析基础上,建立公路线形综合指标；根据道路线形三维空间特性,建立空间曲率指标；针对隧道进出口线形过渡特点,构建隧道进出口线形过渡指标。以运行速度特征为安全评价中介指标,通过分析事故率与速度特征的相关规律,提出大小型车速离散性指标、断面车速变化指标以及综合车速指标,采用非线性拟合方法,建立基于运行速度的大小型车速离散性指标一致性模型、断面车速变化指标一致性模型以及综合车速指标一致性模型。根据我国多车道公路的安全水平,提出各项指标相对应的多车道公路线形一致性安全评价标准。通过对双车道公路的运行环境进行分析,对影响双车道公路交通安全的线形、平均日交通量、路基宽度、路肩宽度、接入口密度、大型车比例和路侧危险度等多因素分析,应用统计学随机模型理论,构建双车道公路事故预测模型,提出双车道公路一致性标准。
[Abstract]:Road traffic accidents are closely related to highway conditions, especially the linear conditions. Scientific and smooth alignment, clear and eye-catching driving instructions, adequate visual distance guarantee and routes in line with driving expectations are the basic guarantees of vehicle driving safety.Therefore, it has important theoretical and practical significance to study highway safety from the direction of road alignment design consistency.Based on a large number of dynamic data collected in the field and combined with the dynamic performance of vehicles in China, this paper classifies the multi-lane highway and the two-lane highway, and obtains the calculation formula and road alignment of the V85 of each typical section.The relationship between running speed and traffic safety.By analyzing the influence of highway leveling, longitudinal and horizontal index on highway safety, a comprehensive index of highway alignment space description is put forward, and a function reflecting the geometric characteristics of highway alignment space is constructed by using the method of system modeling.Based on the analysis of the sensitivity of each parameter to the linear synthetic index, the synthetic index of highway alignment is established; according to the three-dimensional spatial characteristics of road alignment, the spatial curvature index is established; according to the transition characteristics of tunnel inlet and outlet alignment,The line transition index of tunnel inlet and outlet is constructed.Taking the running speed characteristic as the intermediate index of safety evaluation, by analyzing the correlation law between the accident rate and the speed characteristic, the paper puts forward the discrete index of large and small speed, the change index of cross-section speed and the comprehensive speed index, and adopts the nonlinear fitting method.The discrete index consistency model of large and small speed, the consistency model of cross-section speed change index and the integrated speed index consistency model are established based on running speed.According to the safety level of multi-lane highway in China, the evaluation criteria of alignment consistency of multi-lane highway are put forward.Through the analysis of the running environment of the two-lane highway, this paper analyzes the linear, average daily traffic volume, roadbed width, road shoulder width, entrance density, the proportion of large vehicles and the risk degree of the side of the two-lane highway, which affect the traffic safety of the two-lane highway, such as line shape, average daily traffic volume, roadbed width, road shoulder width, and so on.Based on the statistical stochastic model theory, a two-lane highway accident prediction model is constructed, and the consistency standard of two-lane highway is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U412.3

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