城市公共交通可达性优化模型及评价研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 12:28

本文选题：城市公共交通 + 可达性　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：居民生活水平日益提高，对于出行的要求也随之增长，居民出行时，都希望寻求一个效率高且可达性高的出行方案。同时，可达性在评价城市公共交通发展状况中也有举足轻重的作用。因此，对于城市公共交通可达性优化模型及评价研究具有很重要的现实意义。本文主要从以下几个方面对可达性进行研究探讨。参考以往的学者对于可达性的研究，并在其基础上，对城市公共交通可达性进行了定义，将广义费用的思想运用到本文的研究中，将城市公共交通可达性定义为乘客出行过程中，从起始地出发，使用公交车作为出行工具，到达目的地的过程中，，所使用的一切广义费用和称之为可达性，广义费用的和越大，则可达性越差；反之，可达性则越好。在各种影响可达性的因素中，选取出适用于本文研究的定量影响因素，分别为出行成本、出行时间以及换乘次数，对这三个因素分别进行分析，通过将三个因素的计算结果转换成广义费用的方法建立出相应的因素影响模型。在各因素模型的基础上建立本文的可达性优化模型，依据广义费用的思想，将出行中所需的一切广义费用和作为可达性来对公共交通进行测评。从各出行方案中选出乘客出行时的最优出行决策方案。建立可达性评价集，定义出可达、基本可达以及不可达三个等级来对可达性结果进行分等级评价。建立本文的分阶段模糊综合评价模型。提出了一个高峰期可靠因子的概念，从高峰期阶段和平峰期阶段分别对可达性进行评价研究，得出了两个阶段的可达性评价结果，更加的真实且符合实际。设计可达性优化模型的实现算法，并且使用计算机程序对算法进行实现。设计城市公共交通乘客满意度调查表，收集并整理调查数据，求出本文中所需的城市公共交通可达性各影响因素的权重值以及分阶段模糊综合评价中所需的各影响因素的权重值。选取R市的城市公交网络作为本文实例分析的背景。可达性优化模型的测算结果显示，R市的城市公交网络的可达性等级为可达；分阶段模糊综合评价模型的评价结果显示，R市的可达性满意程度在平峰期阶段为比较满意，而在高峰期阶段为一般满意，以后还需要改善高峰期的可达性，能够为乘客提供更好的服务。
[Abstract]:The increasing living standards, the requirements for travel also will increase the residents travel, want to seek a high efficiency and high accessibility travel program. At the same time, accessibility also plays an important role in the development of city public transport evaluation. Therefore, the city public transportation optimization model and evaluation research it has very important practical significance. This article mainly carries on the research from the following aspects of accessibility.
According to the former research on accessibility, and on the basis of city public transport accessibility is defined, the generalized cost is used in this study, the city public transport accessibility is defined as passenger travel process, from the start of the use of the bus as a travel tool to arrive in the process, the use of all costs and generalized called reachability, generalized cost and greater accessibility is worse; on the other hand, accessibility is better.
Among the various factors that affect the accessibility, select suitable for the quantitative influence factors were studied in this paper, travel cost, travel time and transfer times, these three factors were analyzed to establish a model of influence factors through the corresponding calculation method will be the result of three factors into the generalized cost.
Set up to optimize this model based on the factor model on the basis of generalized cost theory, all the generalized cost required to travel in and as to public transportation accessibility evaluation. To select the optimal travel decision. Passengers from the travel plan in case. Establish the accessibility evaluation set, the definition of a basic and not up to reach up to three levels of accessibility results of the grading evaluation.
A staged fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is established. A concept of reliability factor in peak period is put forward. The reachability is evaluated from peak period and peak stage respectively, and the reachability evaluation results of two stages are obtained, which is more realistic and practical.
Accessibility design optimization model algorithm, and use the computer program to implement the proposed algorithms. The design of city public transport passenger satisfaction survey, collect and collate the survey data, calculate the required in the city public transport accessibility factors weights and weight of each effect stage fuzzy comprehensive evaluation factor required the value.
Analysis of city bus network in the city of R, this paper selected as examples. The background estimates up to optimize the results of the model show that the R of the city public transportation network accessibility is up; comprehensive evaluation model of fuzzy phase showed that the accessibility satisfaction in the city of R in the flat peak period is satisfied, and in the peak stage is generally satisfactory, accessibility is needed in the future to improve the peak, can provide better service for passengers.

【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17

【参考文献】