隧道围岩变形模式的识别与监控预报研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 15:36

本文选题：隧道 + 围岩变形模式　；参考：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着隧道建设快速发展,地下空间围岩稳定性已成为地下工程建设的重要内容之一,然而存在多方面因素的不可预知性和地下工程自身的复杂性,以及勘察技术手段的约束和有限性,导致在设计阶段对于隧洞的围岩参数、设计荷载力学参数等技术参数的获取严重不足,对于围岩变形破坏模式和机理认识不清。因此在隧道施工过程中,要结合施工现场的地质条件、监控量测和超前地质预报分析,用以修正设计参数,优化支护模式、调整施工方案。本文以大广高速隧道工程为研究对象,开展的主要研究内容和研究结果如下： (1)通过对隧道的现场地质描述和工程地质条件分析,结合大量工程实例总结出十一种典型围岩变形模式,得出了对变形破坏模式的认知和判断。 (2)通过地质调查,结合对隧道掌子面精细化描述,利用节理产状极点分布、玫瑰花图、等密度图等方法对区域测得的二十组节理面产状进行统计分析,得出三组优势节理产状和倾、走向的变化区间,预测出可能发生变形破坏的围岩部位。 (3)结合地表监测,宏观反应围岩变形破坏模式可能为塑性膨胀内鼓变形；初步识别变形破坏机理,利用隧道洞内拱顶下沉监控量测与周边水平收敛监控量测实时监测隧道围岩各部位的位移变形随时间的变化,综合多方面因素准确地预报隧道围岩变形破坏模式。 (4)对监测数据的线性回归分析和相关性检验,得出监测数据误差范围为1.47mm,相关系数为0.99,可以很好的证明监测数据的可靠性和围岩变形的持续发展。 (5)详细介绍了全站仪和应力计在围岩变形监测中的应用,其中包括技术参数、测点布设方式、数据采集与处理分析等,对围岩压力和锚杆应力的工程实例分析研究得出不同部位开挖所引起的围岩位移、压应力变化特征。 (6)利用地质雷达、TST地震波法综合超前地质预报对掌子面前万进仃探测,结合工程实例研究,重点讲述不同类型的不良地质体图像特征解译和两种技术方法的详细解译过程与结果分析,两种方法结合得出前方围岩情况与前方开挖的实际情况相符。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of tunnel construction, the stability of surrounding rock in underground space has become one of the important contents of underground engineering construction. However, there are many unpredictable factors and the complexity of underground engineering itself.As well as the limitation and restriction of the survey technology, the technical parameters such as the surrounding rock parameters of the tunnel and the mechanical parameters of the design load are seriously insufficient in the design stage, and the mode and mechanism of the deformation and failure of the surrounding rock are not clearly understood.Therefore, in the process of tunnel construction, it is necessary to combine the geological conditions of the construction site, monitor the measurement and advance geological prediction and analysis, in order to modify the design parameters, optimize the supporting mode, and adjust the construction plan.The main research contents and results of this paper are as follows:1) based on the field geological description and engineering geological condition analysis of the tunnel, eleven typical surrounding rock deformation modes are summarized in combination with a large number of engineering examples, and the cognition and judgement of the deformation and failure mode are obtained.(2) through geological survey, combining with the fine description of tunnel face, using the methods of joint occurrence pole distribution, rose map, iso-density map, etc., statistical analysis of 20 groups of joint surface occurrence was carried out in the region.The variation regions of three groups of dominant joints, such as occurrence, inclination and strike, are obtained, and the surrounding rock parts which may be deformed and destroyed are predicted.(3) combined with surface monitoring, the deformation and failure mode of macroscopic reaction surrounding rock may be plastic expansion and internal drum deformation, and the mechanism of deformation and failure can be preliminarily identified.The displacement and deformation of surrounding rock in tunnel are monitored in real time by using the monitoring measure of dome subsidence in tunnel tunnel and the monitoring measure of horizontal convergence around the tunnel. The deformation and failure mode of tunnel surrounding rock is accurately predicted by many factors.4) the linear regression analysis and correlation test of monitoring data show that the error range of monitoring data is 1.47 mm and the correlation coefficient is 0.99, which can well prove the reliability of monitoring data and the continuous development of surrounding rock deformation.The application of total station and stress meter in the deformation monitoring of surrounding rock is introduced in detail, including the technical parameters, the layout of measuring points, the data collection and processing analysis, etc.Based on the analysis of engineering examples of surrounding rock pressure and anchor stress, the variation characteristics of surrounding rock displacement and compressive stress caused by excavation in different parts are obtained.(6) using the TST seismic wave method of the geological radar to synthesize the advanced geological prediction to detect the front of the palmface, combining with the engineering example study,This paper focuses on the interpretation of the image features of different types of bad geological bodies and the detailed interpretation process and result analysis of the two technical methods. The combination of the two methods shows that the surrounding rock in front accords with the actual situation of excavation in front.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U456.3

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