高速公路双波护栏对客车碰撞的防护性能仿真研究与改进

发布时间：2018-04-17 17:20

本文选题：汽车工程 + 改进型W护栏　；参考：《公路交通科技》2014年10期

【摘要】：采用有限元分析方法,基于客车碰撞规范中A级护栏和B级护栏防护性能的要求,建立了两种护栏以及客车的有限元模型。利用LS-DYNA软件进行了客车与护栏碰撞仿真和护栏结构改进分析。根据碰撞条件规范,模拟了客车以60 km/h和40 km/h速度,20°的角度分别与两种护栏碰撞的过程,以计算得出的客车加速度,运动轨迹和护栏的最大动态位移为参数评价了波形梁的防护性能。结果显示客车与两护栏碰撞的加速度均小于20g,客车运行轨迹平稳正常,但B级护栏吸能为47.8 kJ,只占客车与护栏碰撞耦合系统中总吸能的41.4%。且A级护栏最大动态变形量为986 mm逼近允许值1 000 mm。这说明两种护栏的防护性能较差,且安全性能亟待提高,故对两护栏分别通过增加吸能结构进行了改进分析。改进后的B级护栏吸能为68.3 kJ,提高了43.3%;改进后的A级护栏最大变形量减小到898 mm,明显改善了绊翻和骑跨现象的风险。
[Abstract]:The finite element analysis method is used to establish two kinds of guardrails and the finite element models of passenger cars based on the requirements of the protection performance of the A and B guardrails in the crash code of passenger cars.The collision simulation between passenger car and guardrail and the improvement analysis of guardrail structure are carried out by using LS-DYNA software.According to the criterion of collision conditions, the collision process of passenger cars with two guardrails at speeds of 60 km/h and 40 km/h is simulated, respectively, in order to calculate the acceleration of passenger cars.Motion track and maximum dynamic displacement of guardrail are parameters to evaluate the protective performance of the corrugated beam.The results show that the acceleration of the collision between the passenger car and the two guardrails is less than 20g, and the track of the passenger car is stable and normal, but the energy absorption of the B guardrail is 47.8 kJ, which only accounts for 41.4% of the total energy absorption in the collision coupling system between the passenger car and the guardrail.And the maximum dynamic deformation of A-level guardrail is 986mm approaching the allowable value of 1000 mm..This shows that the protective performance of the two guardrails is poor and the safety performance needs to be improved. Therefore, the improvement analysis of the two guardrails is carried out by increasing the energy absorption structure respectively.After improvement, the energy absorption of class B guardrail is 68.3 kJ, which is increased by 43.3 kJ, and the maximum deformation of class A guardrail is reduced to 898 mm, which obviously improves the risk of tripping and straddling.
【作者单位】：湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(八六三计划)(2006AA110101) 湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室自主研究项目(61075004)
【分类号】：U417.12

【相似文献】