一种考虑斜向运动参量的行人疏散模型研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 07:08

本文选题：安全工程 + 元胞自动机　；参考：《安全与环境学报》2014年03期

【摘要】：目前,元胞自动机疏散模型采用Von Neumann型和Moore型两种形式的邻域进行演化处理。这两种邻域形式描述行人疏散均有其不足。Von Neumann型邻域忽略了行人斜向运动的可能性,而Moore型邻域虽然考虑了斜向运动,却不能有效地区分斜向运动与水平竖直运动的区别。基于此,在选择Moore型邻域的基础上,提出了斜向运动参量的概念,重新阐述了疏散演化规则,修正了原Moore型邻域在描述疏散中的不足,更精确地反映了行人的疏散动力学特征。进一步利用新模型模拟仿真了疏散空间的行人疏散过程,结果表明:斜向运动参量越小,行人选择水平竖直方向运动的可能性越大;疏散时间会随斜向运动参量f值减小而增加。斜向运动参量取0.7左右时,疏散效果最佳;而当斜向运动参量取0时,Moore型邻域的疏散结果演化为Von Neumann型邻域的疏散结果。
[Abstract]:At present, the cellular automata evacuation model adopts two types of neighborhood, Von Neumann type and Moore type, to process the evolution. Both of these two neighborhood forms describe pedestrian evacuation with their shortcomings. The Von Neumann neighborhood ignores the possibility of the pedestrian oblique movement, while the Moore neighborhood considers the oblique motion, but it can not effectively distinguish the oblique motion from the horizontal vertical motion. Based on this, the concept of oblique motion parameter is proposed on the basis of selecting Moore neighborhood, the rules of evacuation evolution are restated, the deficiency of the former Moore neighborhood in describing evacuation is corrected, and the dynamic characteristics of pedestrian evacuation are more accurately reflected. The new model is used to simulate the pedestrian evacuation process in the evacuation space. The results show that the smaller the oblique motion parameter, the more likely the pedestrian is to choose the horizontal vertical movement. The evacuation time increases with the decrease of the oblique motion parameter f. When the oblique motion parameter is about 0.7, the evacuation effect is the best, and when the oblique motion parameter is 0, the evacuation result of Moore-type neighborhood evolves to that of Von Neumann neighborhood.
【作者单位】：北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院;中国人民武装警察部队学院;北京市信息服务工程重点实验室;
【基金】：北京市属高等学校高层次人才引进与培养计划项目(CIT&TCD20130320)
【分类号】：U491.226

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