桥梁风险评估体系及钢筋混凝土拱桥耐久性评估研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 14:40

本文选题：桥梁工程 + 风险评估　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：桥梁作为陆路交通的枢纽，它对于经济及社会的发展都起着十分重要的作用。但是，桥梁工程本身在其生命过程的每一个阶段都会面临着各种各样难以预知的风险。而且作为交通枢纽的桥梁一旦在意外事故中发生破坏，那么带来的往往是巨大的经济损失甚至是人员伤亡。所以，，近年来针对桥梁各阶段的风险研究以及风险控制就成为了人们争相研究的热点问题。风险评估可以帮助人们提高在桥梁设计、施工以及维护方面的水平，在提高其安全性的同时能够尽量的降低投资成本。因此，目前针对桥梁的风险分析研究是很有必要的，而且经过近些年的研究发展也已取得了许多研究成果。本文首先对于风险分析的历史、现状、存在不足及未来可能的发展方向做了归纳和总结，然后针对桥梁工程的风险分析体系做了详细论述，并介绍了目前几种常用的风险分析方法。在众多的桥梁风险分析范围中选取了桥梁维护阶段的桥梁耐久性评估作为本文的重点论述对象，根据部分研究成果以及一些规范和实际工程经验，系统的阐释了桥梁耐久性影响的主要因素并且给出了它们的等级划分标准和评估模型，提出采用模糊层次分析法作为耐久性评估的评估方法并结合混凝土桥梁耐久性评估的多层次特点，提出了采用变权的分析方法，从而解决了不同损伤程度的指标对评估结果的不同贡献问题。并以钢筋混凝土拱桥为例给出了具体桥型的层次划分和评估模型。最后，本文以小南门大桥为背景结合工程检测数据以及本文提出的耐久性评估理论对小南门大桥进行了具体的耐久性评估，验证了此方法的可行性和实用性。
[Abstract]:As the hub of land transportation, bridge plays an important role in the development of economy and society. However, bridge engineering itself faces a variety of unpredictable risks in every stage of its life process. And once the bridge as a transportation hub is damaged in an accident, it often brings huge economic losses and even casualties. Therefore, in recent years, the risk research and risk control in different stages of bridge has become a hot issue. Risk assessment can help people improve the level of bridge design, construction and maintenance, and reduce the investment cost while improving their safety. Therefore, it is necessary to study the risk analysis of bridges at present, and many research results have been obtained through the research and development in recent years. In this paper, the history, status quo, shortcomings and possible future development of risk analysis are summarized, and then the risk analysis system of bridge engineering is discussed in detail. Several commonly used risk analysis methods are also introduced. In the range of bridge risk analysis, the bridge durability assessment in bridge maintenance stage is selected as the key object of this paper, according to some research results and some specifications and practical engineering experience, The main factors affecting the durability of bridges are systematically explained and their grading criteria and evaluation models are given. The fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) is used as the evaluation method of durability assessment and considering the multi-level characteristics of durability assessment of concrete bridges, a variable weight analysis method is proposed. Thus, the problem of the different contribution of the index of different damage degree to the evaluation result is solved. Taking the reinforced concrete arch bridge as an example, the hierarchical division and evaluation model of concrete bridge type are given. Finally, taking Xiaonanmen Bridge as the background, combined with the engineering test data and the durability evaluation theory proposed in this paper, the concrete durability evaluation of Xiaonanmen Bridge is carried out, which verifies the feasibility and practicability of this method.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U448.22;U445.7

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