车载机会网络中的安全技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 22:03

本文选题：车载机会网络 + 动态寻路　；参考：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市交通问题一直是全球关注的重要问题,而利用动态寻路是解决这一问题的有效手段。车辆利用本地的电子地图以及从车载机会网络中采集的路况信息,动态地调整行驶路线,来避开拥堵路段。大部分车载机会网络应用着重于有效转发路况信息,改善车辆行程时间,而对于车辆发送的路况信息本身的有效性和真实性不予鉴别。这给恶意节点篡改和伪造这些信息提供了便利,因此在车载机会网络的路由应用中引入信任评价方法对于改善一般寻路应用的鲁棒性有重要意义。大部分车载机会网络动态寻路应用都利用路况信息进行寻路,因此直接利用基于数据的信任来判断路况信息的有效性,相比实体信任模式在判断出实体是否可信后,再判断其提供的路况信息有效性更加简单有效。同时,基于数据的信任不需要引入过多额外的信息交换,减少了车辆之间的通信开销,也避免了基于实体信任的诸多问题。另外,车辆广播的路况信息包含了车辆当前位置、方向、速度以及周边路况等内容。这些消息如果被攻击车辆嗅探,就会暴露车辆的行车路线和车主的习惯这些敏感信息。为了解决车辆的隐私问题,车辆的匿名和隐私机制应当被引入到车载机会网络中,从而使攻击者难以通过收集路况信息确认车辆身份。但是隐私机制的引入也会给攻击者提供更多的攻击条件,需要考虑如何解决这些额外的问题。本课题将以智能交通中的动态寻路应用为基础,提出基于数据信任的路况信息评价模型和匿名分层模型来解决安全和隐私的问题。通过仿真证明以上模型都具有很高的正确率,适用于各类场景。
[Abstract]:Urban traffic problem has been an important problem in the world, and dynamic route finding is an effective way to solve this problem. Using the local electronic map and the traffic information collected from the vehicle-borne opportunity network, the vehicle dynamically adjusts its route to avoid congested sections. Most vehicle-borne opportunity network applications focus on effectively forwarding road condition information and improving vehicle travel time, but not on the validity and authenticity of the road condition information sent by vehicles. This makes it convenient for malicious nodes to tamper with and falsify these information, so it is important to introduce trust evaluation method in routing applications of vehicle-borne opportunity networks to improve the robustness of general routing applications. Most of the dynamic routing applications of vehicular opportunity network use the road information to find the way, so we use the trust based on data directly to judge the validity of the road information, compared with the entity trust mode after judging whether the entity is credible or not. It is more simple and effective to judge the validity of the road information provided by it. At the same time, the data-based trust does not need to introduce too much additional information exchange, which reduces the communication overhead between vehicles, and avoids many problems based on entity trust. In addition, the vehicle broadcast traffic information includes the vehicle's current position, direction, speed and surrounding road conditions. The messages, if sniffed, expose sensitive information about the vehicle's route and owner's habits. In order to solve the privacy problem of vehicles, the anonymity and privacy mechanisms of vehicles should be introduced into vehicle opportunity networks, which makes it difficult for attackers to identify vehicles by collecting road information. However, the introduction of privacy mechanism will also provide more attack conditions for attackers, and we need to consider how to solve these additional problems. Based on the application of dynamic route finding in intelligent transportation, this paper proposes a traffic information evaluation model based on data trust and an anonymous hierarchical model to solve the security and privacy problems. The simulation results show that the above models have a high accuracy and are suitable for all kinds of scenes.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U495;TP391.44;TN915.08

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