基于灰色理论的多跨连续梁拱组合桥施工控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 04:30

本文选题：施工控制 + 灰色理论　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：跨越大江大河的桥梁结构逐步倾向于采用大跨度新型式，同时桥梁的施工方法也趋于多样化，这就导致已有的施工控制理论并不能完全适用于各种新情况下的桥梁施工。因此，寻求真正适用于新型大跨桥梁的施工控制理论和方法就显得尤为重要。本文以在建多跨连续梁拱组合桥梁为背景，在深入研究了已有施工控制理论和方法的基础之上，对已有的一些方法和理论做了改进和完善，使其更加符合现代桥梁的施工技术和方法。（1）建立全桥有限元模型，分别采用正装计算法和倒装计算法确定施工每个阶段的挠度和应力状态。根据现场实测数据对模型参数适时更新，实现控制过程的动态化和自主性。同时针对四线铁路桥梁宽跨比较大的特点，在控制计算中考虑了扭转效应及拱脚局部应力和变形复杂性。分别建立了主梁和拱脚局部空间实体有限元模型进行详细分析，以期提高控制精度。（2）考虑到悬臂施工中多个工况之间误差影响具有耦合性的特点，采用灰色理论进行预测。在传统单变量GM(1,1)模型的基础上经过理论推导建立了多变量GM(1,)模型，，并将其应用到悬臂施工挠度控制中。该方法弥补了单变量模型的不足，实现了一个施工阶段多工序关联预测。编制了MATLAB程序以提高单变量和多变量模型的预测效率。（3）提出了用最小二乘法曲线拟合进行桥梁施工中的应力控制，摒弃了传统的直接通过离散数值进行误差分析的方法，通过拟合曲线的变化规律（增长或降低趋势）来进行数据的误差分析，克服了由于各种影响因素导致的离散实测值与理论值偏差较大而无法比较分析的弊端。利用MATLAB程序语言设计提高了大数据量处理的工作效率，同时也让桥梁施工中应力控制更具可操作性。（4）研究了无应力状态法在梁拱组合桥梁拱部结构施工控制中的应用，计算了拱肋无应力曲率和吊杆无应力长度。将无应力状态法从斜拉桥和钢桁梁桥的应用推广到了梁拱组合桥梁中，进一步拓宽了无应力状态法的应用领域。（5）对梁拱组合桥梁吊杆力优化的现有方法进行了归纳总结，并基于影响矩阵法原理对背景桥梁成桥吊杆力和施工阶段吊杆力进行了优化调整，使整个桥梁结构在施工阶段和成桥后应力和线形最大程度上实现目标状态。
[Abstract]:The bridge structure across the big river tends to adopt the new type of long span, and the construction method of the bridge tends to be diversified, which leads to the existing construction control theory can not be fully applied to the bridge construction under various new conditions. Therefore, it is very important to seek the theory and method of construction control for new type long span bridges. Based on the research of the existing construction control theory and method, this paper improves and perfects some existing methods and theories based on the multi-span continuous beam-arch composite bridge under construction. Make it more in line with modern bridge construction technology and method. 1) the finite element model of the whole bridge is established, and the deflection and stress state of each stage of construction are determined by the method of normal load calculation and the method of inversion calculation respectively. According to the field measured data, the model parameters are updated in time to realize the dynamic and autonomy of the control process. At the same time, the torsional effect and the complexity of local stress and deformation of arch foot are considered in the control calculation in view of the large width span of the four-track railway bridge. The local spatial finite element models of the main beam and arch foot are analyzed in detail in order to improve the control accuracy. 2) considering the coupling characteristic of error between several working conditions in cantilever construction, grey theory is used to predict. On the basis of the traditional single variable GM1) model, the multivariable GM1) model is established by theoretical derivation, and applied to the cantilever construction deflection control. This method makes up for the deficiency of single variable model and realizes a multi-process correlation prediction in construction stage. A MATLAB program is developed to improve the prediction efficiency of univariate and multivariate models. In this paper, the stress control in bridge construction by least square curve fitting is put forward, and the traditional method of error analysis by discrete value is abandoned. The error analysis of the data is carried out by fitting the changing law of the curve (increasing or decreasing trend), which overcomes the shortcoming that the discrete measured value can not be compared and analyzed because of the deviation between the discrete measured value and the theoretical value caused by various influence factors. The use of MATLAB programming language to improve the efficiency of large data processing, but also to make the bridge construction stress control more operable. 4) the application of non-stress state method in the construction control of arch structure of beam-arch composite bridge is studied. The non-stress curvature of arch rib and the length of suspender without stress are calculated. The application of stress-free state method from cable-stayed bridge and steel truss girder bridge to beam-arch composite bridge is extended, and the application field of stress-free state method is further expanded. In this paper, the existing methods for optimization of suspender force of beam-arch composite bridge are summarized, and based on the principle of influence matrix, the suspender force of the background bridge and the suspender force in construction stage are optimized and adjusted. The objective state of the whole bridge structure is realized to the maximum extent in the construction stage and after the completion of the bridge.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U445.4

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