基于HHT的水泥混凝土路面脱空检测的试验模态分析研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 01:42

本文选题：脱空检测 + FFT　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：进入到21世纪以来，我国的交通建设取得了突飞猛进发展，特别是在公路建设领域已经创下新的里程。然而，水泥混凝土路面在使用过程中，由于车辆载荷的重复作用，在板角、接缝两侧会由于基层的塑性变形产生脱空，最终导致面板破坏。水泥混凝土路面脱空现象是大量存在的。路面脱空得不到及时的养护处理，会对国民经济造成很大损失，一定程度上还影响交通的正常运行。那么如何准确的测定脱空范围，及时采取有效的修复措施，对于提高水泥混凝土路面的使用价值、延长使用寿命、减少养护成本，具有重大的研究意义。本文是基于试验模态分析的方法对水泥混凝土路面进行检测，利用FFT和HHT对振动信号进行处理分析。介绍了信号的处理流程和声振法的基本理论以及波动理论。基于MATLAB软件对振动信号进行传统傅里叶变换频谱分析，来对水泥混凝土路面脱空状况进行判断。由于路面的不均质特性、脱空大小的不同以及外界环境因素的影响，这样会给实际的检测带来很多不确定因素，FFT振动信号处理的效果不是很明显。因此，介绍的新的信号处理方法HHT变换。这种方法首先对振动信号进行EMD分解，得到IMF分量和残余分量(),然后在对每一个IMF进行Hilbert谱分析，将得到每一个IMF的Hilbert谱进行组合得到信号边际谱，通过分析边际谱中特征参数，来对水泥混凝土路面脱空状况进行判定。结合试验模态分析对试验数据进行实际的模拟，通过建立薄板实验模型，研究脱空薄板振动变化规律为实际水泥混凝土路面脱空检测提供理论支持。在HHT边际谱的基础上提出了HHT三维显示图，，更加有效地显示振动信号的振动状态。介绍了HHT变换处理振动信号在实际工程中的应用，通过分析数据检测这种方法的检测效率、实用性，使得在水泥混凝土路面脱空检测理论体系更加完善。
[Abstract]:Since entering the 21st century, China's traffic construction has made rapid development, especially in the field of highway construction has set a new mileage. However, in the process of using cement concrete pavement, due to the repeated action of vehicle load, the plastic deformation of the base course will lead to the void in the angle of the plate and the two sides of the joint, which will eventually lead to the failure of the slab. The phenomenon of cement concrete pavement void is a large number. It will cause great loss to the national economy and affect the normal operation of traffic to a certain extent. Therefore, how to accurately measure the void range and take effective repair measures in time is of great significance for improving the use value of cement concrete pavement, prolonging the service life and reducing the maintenance cost. In this paper, the cement concrete pavement is tested based on the experimental modal analysis method, and the vibration signal is processed and analyzed by FFT and HHT. The basic theory and wave theory of signal processing and acoustic vibration method are introduced. The traditional Fourier transform spectrum analysis of vibration signal is carried out based on MATLAB software to judge the void state of cement concrete pavement. Due to the uneven quality of pavement, the difference of void size and the influence of external environmental factors, this will bring many uncertain factors to the actual detection and the effect of FFT vibration signal processing is not obvious. Therefore, a new signal processing method, HHT transform, is introduced. This method firstly decomposes the vibration signal by EMD, and obtains the IMF component and the residual component. Then the Hilbert spectrum of each IMF is analyzed, and the Hilbert spectrum of each IMF is combined to get the marginal spectrum of the signal. By analyzing the characteristic parameters in the marginal spectrum, the void condition of cement concrete pavement is determined. Based on the experimental modal analysis, the experimental data are simulated. Through establishing the thin plate experimental model, the vibration variation law of the voided thin plate is studied to provide theoretical support for the actual cement concrete pavement void detection. Based on the HHT marginal spectrum, a HHT 3D display is presented, which can show the vibration state of the vibration signal more effectively. This paper introduces the application of HHT transform in practical engineering. The detection efficiency and practicability of this method are analyzed, which makes the theoretical system of void detection in cement concrete pavement more perfect.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U416.216;TN911.7

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