简述地质雷达在铁路隧道衬砌检测中的应用

发布时间：2018-05-05 19:36

本文选题：隧道 + 地质雷达　；参考：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在中国交通事业高速发展时期,隧道作为跨山越岭的一种主要结构在交通系统中承担着主要作用。但是在这些已建成的隧道中,由于隧道工程设计和施工的不当会出现各种各样的问题,有不少隧道存在各种各样的严重缺陷。目前这些缺陷隧道威胁着人们的生命和财产安全。在最近几年中,媒体也报道了一些,例如上海地铁四号线过江隧道发生隧道渗水事故,原因是隧道边部存在隐伏断层和溶洞破坏了隧道的防水系统。因此,工程的检测质量得到了社会各方的重视。科学技术的高速发展带动了检测仪器和检测手段的不但更新。地质雷达法是无损的、效率高、分辨率高,快速采集雷达图像等优势,能够准确定位出缺陷的位置,并对及时对隐患进行处理,为我国的交通建设带来了雄厚的技术支持。本文首先介绍地质雷达的工作原理以及其在隧道检测过程中相关参数的设定。然后说明了现场检测工作开始前所要做的准备,包括:现场的检测条件、台车的搭建、雷达天线的选择和参数的选择及标定,还有一些相关的操作要点和应急防范措施。论文重点部分是通过地质雷达在现场相关检测项目中采集回来的一些实例图像,讲述在隧道施工过程当中常见的脱空、欠密实、欠厚和钢筋缺失等一些缺陷及病害。同时在大量数据资料的收集过程中,通过总结找到了一些对雷达数据产生干扰的干扰源及其所产生的干扰图像,也对今后的工作有很大的帮助,使我们更够更准确的进行判识。最后简要的介绍卡斯特地貌地区岩溶探测工作。在铁路高速发展的今天,尤其是我们西南高原地区铁路的不断增多,而且其地质情况复杂,铁路线路又多是穿山而过,线路中以隧道居多。地质雷达法作为现场对隧道质量的监控最普遍的方法,我们也通过大量的现场检测及资料分析找到了许多辨别伪缺陷和真缺陷的方法,是我们能够快速准确的辨识出缺陷类型及区域,有助于下一步施工单位对缺陷的处理,提高实体工程的施工质量,同时对保障最后铁路的运营通车安全具有重大的意义。
[Abstract]:In the period of rapid development of China's transportation industry, tunnel, as a main structure across mountains and mountains, plays a major role in the transportation system. However, in these built tunnels, many tunnels have various serious defects due to various problems arising from the improper design and construction of tunnel engineering. At present, these defective tunnels threaten the safety of people's lives and property. In recent years, the media have also reported some cases, such as the tunnel seepage accident occurred in the tunnel of Shanghai Metro Line 4, because of the hidden faults along the tunnel side and the waterproofing system of the tunnel destroyed by the karst cave. Therefore, the quality of engineering detection has been paid attention to by all parties in the society. With the rapid development of science and technology, the testing instruments and means are not only updated. The geological radar method is nondestructive, efficient, high resolution, fast acquisition of radar images and other advantages, can accurately locate the location of defects, and timely processing of hidden dangers, for our country's traffic construction has brought strong technical support. This paper first introduces the working principle of GPR and the setting of relevant parameters in tunnel detection. Then it explains the preparation to be made before the field detection work starts, including: the detection condition on the spot, the construction of the station car, the selection of radar antenna and the selection and calibration of the parameters, and some relevant operation points and emergency preventive measures. The key part of this paper is to describe some defects and diseases in the tunnel construction process, such as void, underdensity, underthickness and lack of steel bar, through some case images collected by GPR in the field related detection project. At the same time, in the process of collecting a large amount of data, we find some jamming sources and their jamming images by summing up the radar data, which will be of great help to the future work, so that we can more accurately identify. Finally, the karst exploration in Karst geomorphology area is briefly introduced. With the rapid development of railway, especially in the southwest plateau of our country, the railway is increasing, and its geological condition is complicated, the railway line is mostly through the mountain, and the tunnel is the most of the railway lines. As the most common method for monitoring the quality of tunnels in the field, we have also found many methods to identify false and true defects through a large number of on-site detection and data analysis. Is that we can quickly and accurately identify the types and areas of defects, which is helpful to the next step of the construction units to deal with defects, improve the construction quality of solid projects, and at the same time to ensure the safety of the final railway operation has great significance.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U455.91

【参考文献】