工况紧急程度对驾驶员避撞行为的影响

发布时间：2018-05-17 06:23

  本文选题：追尾事故 + 避撞行为　； 参考：《同济大学学报(自然科学版)》2016年06期

【摘要】：利用同济大学8自由度高仿真驾驶模拟器研究了临撞工况紧急程度对驾驶员避撞行为的影响.通过不同初始车头时距(1.0 s,[1.0 s,1.5 s),[1.5 s,2.5 s])和不同前车减速度(0.30g,0.50g,0.75g)的组合,建立了不同紧急程度的前车减速临撞工况,运用驾驶员感知反应时间、油门释放反应时间、制动转移时间、制动延误、最大刹车踏板压力、最大减速度等指标比较了不同紧急程度下避撞行为的差异.结果表明,①随着工况紧急程度的增加,驾驶员更快地释放油门及达到最大刹车踏板压力,并且施加更大的制动力度;②当初始车头时距为1.5 s左右时,驾驶员感知反应时间约为1.2s,而当初始车头时距增大到2.5 s以上时,感知反应时间变得非常大,甚至达到了3 s;③驾驶员开始释放油门与开始制动间的转移时间不受工况紧急程度影响,保持在0.8 s附近;④在低紧急程度下,驾驶员表现出多阶段刹车行为,使得驾驶员需要更多的时间才能达到最大刹车踏板压力.
[Abstract]:By using the 8 degree of freedom and high simulation driving simulator of Tongji University, the impact of the crash condition on the driver's collision avoidance behavior is studied. Through the combination of different initial headways (1 s, [1.0 s, 1.5 s), [1.5 s, 2.5 s]) and the different front vehicle deceleration (0.30g, 0.50g, 0.75g), the impact conditions of the front vehicle deceleration with different emergency degrees are established, and the application of different emergency conditions is established. The drivers' response time, the throttle release reaction time, the braking transfer time, the brake delay, the maximum brake pedal pressure and the maximum deceleration degree compare the difference of collision avoidance behavior under different emergency levels. The results show that the driver releases the throttle faster and reaches the maximum brake pedal pressure along with the increase of the emergency degree. When the initial head distance is about 1.5 s, the driver perceiving the reaction time is about 1.2s, and when the initial head time distance increases to more than 2.5 s, the reaction time becomes very large and even reaches 3 s, and the time of the driver to start releasing the throttle and starting brake is not under the condition of emergency. The degree of influence is kept near 0.8 s; (4) at low emergency levels, the driver shows a multistage brake behavior that requires more time for the driver to reach the maximum brake pedal pressure.
【作者单位】： 同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金(51522810) “十二五”国家科技支撑计划(014BAG01B03)
【分类号】：U491.25
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本文编号：1900299