基于车桥耦合振动分析的异形钢拱桥通行舒适度评价

发布时间：2018-06-01 10:30

本文选题：异形钢拱桥 + 质量—弹簧系统　；参考：《浙江工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：车辆通过桥梁时,会影响桥梁的动力特性,同时也会影响桥梁的使用性能。而桥梁由于振动作用也会反过来加剧车辆的振动；钢桥,尤其是异形钢拱桥,由于自重轻,跨度大,自身刚度小,所以属于较柔的体系桥梁,且因为偏态的特征所以动力性能更加复杂,这种车桥耦合相互作用的影响程度也尤为明显；而汽车的平稳性是评价司乘人员舒适性的主要依据,它反映了汽车振动对司乘人员舒适程度的影响；同时,对城市桥梁而言,汽车通过桥梁时,由于桥梁的振动也会影响行人在桥面上行走的舒适度。因此,开展基于车桥耦合振动分析的异形钢拱桥行车行人舒适度研究,具有一定的理论和现实意义。本文选取杭州正在建设的两座大跨度异形钢拱桥为研究背景,首先采用有限元软件Ansys建立单自由度的质量—弹簧系统来模拟车辆,通过改变弹簧的刚度来实现不同频率的车辆,将其作用在桥梁模型上的不同位置上,对车辆和这两座桥梁进行系统的车桥耦合特性分析；然后采用目前较为流行的车桥耦合振动数值分析方法,即将车辆和桥梁分为两个子系统,分别建立各自的振动微分方程。车辆运动方程的程序采用Matlab进行编制,桥梁模型采用有限元软件Ansys进行建模。车桥耦合的关系通过车轮底部和桥面之间始终保持接触的条件来建立,利用相互迭代的方法进行车桥耦合数值分析,研究了不同桥面等级下不同车速的振动响应,在此基础上编制Matlab程序提取了各种工况下车辆上司乘人员的瞬时振动加速度和振动频率,结合目前常用的国际舒适度评价标准ISO2361-1997(E),对这两座异形钢拱桥的行车舒适度进行了评价；最后采用Sperling平稳性指标,在车桥耦合振动的环境下,对两旁行人通行的舒适度进行了评价。研究结果表明,两座桥梁的行车舒适度和行人舒适度均满足标准要求,且九沙大桥的整体舒适度优于运河二通道桥梁。本文基于既有有限元软件对大跨度异形钢拱桥进行了车桥耦合振动特性分析并进行了行车和行人舒适度评价,其研究成果对类似桥梁和相关领域的继续研究具有一定的参考价值,同时对这两座桥建成后的养护管理决策提供了参考依据。
[Abstract]:When the vehicle passes the bridge, it will affect the dynamic characteristics of the bridge as well as the performance of the bridge. Because of the vibration, the bridge will also aggravate the vibration of the vehicle. The steel bridge, especially the special-shaped steel arch bridge, belongs to a softer system bridge because of its light weight, large span and small stiffness. Because of the characteristic of skew, the dynamic performance is more complex, so the influence of the vehicle-bridge coupling interaction is more obvious, and the vehicle smoothness is the main basis for evaluating the ride comfort. It reflects the influence of vehicle vibration on the comfort degree of riders, and at the same time, for urban bridges, the vibration of bridges will also affect the comfort of pedestrians walking on the bridge floor. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical significance to study pedestrian comfort of special-shaped steel arch bridge based on vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis. In this paper, two large-span special-shaped steel arch bridges under construction in Hangzhou are selected as the research background. Firstly, a mass-spring system with single degree of freedom is established by using finite element software Ansys to simulate vehicles, and vehicles with different frequencies are realized by changing the stiffness of springs. The vehicle and the two bridges are analyzed systematically on the different position of the bridge model, and then the numerical analysis method of the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration is adopted, which is popular at present. The vehicle and bridge are divided into two subsystems, and their vibration differential equations are established respectively. The program of vehicle motion equation is compiled by Matlab, and the bridge model is modeled by finite element software Ansys. The relationship of vehicle-bridge coupling is established by the condition that the wheel bottom and the bridge deck remain in contact all the time. The vibration response of different vehicle and bridge speed under different bridge deck grades is studied by using the iterative method of vehicle-bridge coupling numerical analysis. On this basis, the Matlab program is compiled to extract the instantaneous vibration acceleration and vibration frequency of the riders in various working conditions. Combined with the international comfort evaluation standard ISO 2361-1997, the driving comfort of these two special-shaped steel arch bridges is evaluated. Finally, the comfort degree of pedestrian is evaluated under the environment of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration using Sperling stationary index. The results show that the driving comfort and pedestrian comfort of the two bridges meet the standard requirements, and the overall comfort of Jiusha Bridge is better than that of the canal two-channel bridge. Based on the existing finite element software, the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration characteristics of large-span special-shaped steel arch bridge are analyzed and the comfort of driving and pedestrian is evaluated. The research results have certain reference value for the continuous research of similar bridges and related fields, and also provide a reference basis for the maintenance and management decisions of these two bridges after the completion of the two bridges.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U441.3;U461

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