抛掷型岩爆机制与模拟试验技术

发布时间：2018-06-11 12:06

本文选题：岩石力学 + 抛掷型岩爆　；参考：《岩石力学与工程学报》2014年06期

【摘要】：为探讨高地应力隧洞岩爆机制,在岩爆试件试验的基础上,对抛掷型岩爆机制提出4点新的认识,即围岩中要发生抛掷型岩爆,单靠岩爆体本身积蓄的能量还不够,必须要有周围岩体对其破坏过程进行能量补充;工程中发生岩爆时,洞壁围岩会对岩爆体产生能量汇聚,这是抛掷型岩爆发生的重要前提;在抛掷型岩爆发生过程中,动、静状态转化是由洞壁围岩对岩爆体释放的能量有剩余造成的;在岩爆应力判据中,围岩在θC?/R=0.3~0.7的条件下就可能发生岩爆,甚至可能发生强烈岩爆,这是因为围岩不是均质体,围岩内存在应力集中区和软弱结构区。现有的岩爆模拟试验采用油压控制系统加载无法实现抛掷型岩爆,这是因为油路供油速度缓慢所致。对抛掷型岩爆模拟试验技术,提出新的试验方案,研发新的试验装置,开展新的岩爆模拟试验。实践证明提出的试验技术和试验装置均能较好地模拟抛掷型岩爆现象,可供岩爆机制研究、教学及相关工程建设参考。
[Abstract]:In order to discuss the rock burst mechanism of high stress tunnel, on the basis of the rock burst test, the author puts forward four new understandings on the throwing type rock burst mechanism, that is, the energy accumulated by the rock burst body alone is not enough to occur in the surrounding rock. The surrounding rock mass must replenish the energy of its failure process; when the rock burst occurs in the engineering, the wall rock will generate energy convergence to the rock burst, which is an important prerequisite for the occurrence of the throwing rockburst. The static state transformation is caused by the residual energy released by the wall rock to the rock burst, in the rock burst stress criterion, the rock burst or even the strong rock burst may occur under the condition of 胃 C ~ + / R _ (0. 3) 0. 7, which is because the surrounding rock is not homogeneous. Stress concentration zone and weak structure zone exist in surrounding rock. The oil pressure control system can not realize the throwing rockburst in the existing rockburst simulation test, which is due to the slow oil supply speed. In this paper, a new test scheme, a new test device and a new simulation test of rockburst are put forward. It has been proved by practice that both the test technology and the test device can simulate the phenomenon of throwing rockburst, which can be used as a reference for the study of rockburst mechanism, teaching and related engineering construction.
【作者单位】：总参工程兵科研三所;中国矿业大学力学与建筑工程学院;同济大学土木工程防灾国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2013CB036003)
【分类号】：U458

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