基于群落演替原理的石质边坡植被建植技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 00:52

本文选题：石质边坡 + 植被建植　；参考：《公路交通科技(应用技术版)》2016年11期

【摘要】：依托实际边坡生态防护工程,采用定位动态研究法,对黔中3个不同坡向、坡度的石质边坡在人工植被建植后3年内物种组成每月进行跟踪调查,以期揭示边坡生态防护工程植被建植后,人工植物群落演替初期基本特征,为工程石质边坡植被重建及后期养护管理提供科学的理论基础。结果表明:(1)在观察期内,样地中共出现了51种植物,分属13科43属,主要为禾本科、豆科和菊科植物;(2)建植后第1年内物种主要以初播物种为主,群落为黑麦草群落;第2、3年内,随着当地植物的入侵,物种数大量增加,群落优势种发生变化,1号坡群落逐渐发展为黑麦草+野菊+马棘群落,2号坡逐渐发展为黑麦草+马棘+刺槐群落,3号坡发展为黑麦草+千里光+刺槐群落。群落3大功能类群分布有所变化,禾本科植物比例下降,豆科植物比例上升;(3)边坡人工植被建植后3年内,植被群落丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数呈直线上升。
[Abstract]:Based on the actual slope ecological protection project, the species composition of the stone slope with three different slope directions and slopes in the middle of Guizhou was investigated monthly within 3 years after the artificial vegetation was established by using the method of dynamic location research. The purpose of this study is to reveal the basic characteristics of artificial plant community in the early stage of vegetation succession in slope ecological protection engineering, and to provide a scientific theoretical basis for vegetation reconstruction and later maintenance management of stone slope. The results showed that there were 51 species of plants, belonging to 13 families and 43 genera, in the observation period. The main species were Gramineae. The species of Leguminosae and Compositae were mainly first seeded species and the community was ryegrass community within 1 year after establishment. In the second and third years, with the invasion of local plants, the number of species increased greatly. The community dominant species changed. Slope 1 community gradually developed into ryegrass wild chrysanthemum ryegrass community, slope 2 gradually developed into ryegrass ryethorax pseudoacacia community, slope 3 developed ryegrass Qianliguang Robinia pseudoacacia community. The distribution of the three major functional groups of the community changed, the proportion of Gramineae decreased, and the proportion of legumes increased. Within 3 years after the establishment of artificial slope vegetation, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index increased linearly.
【作者单位】：贵州省公路局高速公路建设营运中心;贵州大学林学院;
【基金】：贵州省交通运输厅科技项目(2012-122-017)
【分类号】：U416.14

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