城市快递配送车辆路径规划研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 10:33

本文选题：城市快递 + 时间窗　；参考：《西南交通大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国经济的高速发展与电子商务模式下网购的普及,城市快递渐渐走进人们的日常生活。各快递公司为了提高自身行业竞争力,在快递配送中把减少费用成本与提高客户服务质量作为重要目标,这些目标的实现主要体现在合理规划快递配送路径上。本文研究分析城市快递配送问题,分析了城市快递配送过程中的复杂性、经济性、时效性、服务性、不确定性和多目标性的特点建立双类别快递配送模型。第一类模型为区域内双重时限下最少快递员配送模型,该模型研究的是城市内各配送中转站对其所属配送区域内进行高频率、小批量、多批次的小件快递配配送。每个快递员在时间上存在单次配送时间和一天最长工作时间双重限制,目标是求得最少所需快递员数完成配送任务。第二类模型为路网下带时间窗的需求可拆分的边点混合快递配送模型,该模型研究的是快递车辆对分布在城市路网内需求“点”上的配送中转站、固定大客户和需求“弧”上的零散客户进行统一集中的大件快递配送。配送途中存在时间窗约束且客户的需求是可拆分的,目标为最少总走行距离,最小违反时间窗惩罚和最少车辆使用数。模型求解方面,本文先采用图转换法将原问题转化为单一的VRP问题,然后采用改进的蚁群算法进行求解。分别使用lingo和matlab软件对本文算例进行求解,对模型及算法的可行性进行验证。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy and the popularity of online shopping under the e-commerce model, urban express has gradually entered people's daily life. In order to improve the competitiveness of express delivery companies take reducing cost and improving customer service quality as the important goals in express delivery. The realization of these goals is mainly reflected in the rational planning of delivery routes. In this paper, the problems of urban express delivery are analyzed, and the characteristics of complexity, economy, timeliness, service, uncertainty and multi-objective in the process of urban express delivery are analyzed. The first kind of model is the distribution model of the least couriers in the region with double time limit. The model is to study the distribution of small packages with high frequency, small batches and many batches in the distribution area of each distribution transfer station in the city. Each courier has double restrictions on the time of single delivery and the longest working time of one day. The goal is to obtain the minimum number of couriers needed to complete the distribution task. The second kind of model is the separated side point delivery model with time window under the road network. The model studies the distribution transit station of express delivery vehicle distributed on the "point" of the demand in the urban road network. Fixed large customers and demand on the "arc" scattered customer unified centralized distribution of large express delivery. There are time window constraints in the distribution process and the customer's demand is separable. The target is the minimum total travel distance the minimum penalty for violating the time window and the minimum number of vehicle usage. In the aspect of model solving, the original problem is transformed into a single VRP problem by graph transformation method, and then the improved ant colony algorithm is used to solve the problem. Lingo and matlab software are used to solve the example, and the feasibility of the model and algorithm is verified.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U492.22

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