城市轨道交通接运公交线网优化研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 21:22

本文选题：轨道交通 + 接运公交　；参考：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：“公交优先”是解决城市交通问题的有效方法。由于轨道交通系统具有大运量、速度快、准点率高等优点，国内已有数十个城市建成或正在建设城市轨道交通系统。但由于轨道交通系统的线路较为固定，辐射范围有限，导致在其影响范围之外的客流可能无法到达轨道交通站点；且由于城市建设初期的公交规划中并没有将轨道交通考虑在内，导致轨道交通和常规公交系统严重脱节，两者之间缺乏协作性。针对此类问题，本文提出了适应轨道交通站点的接运公交线路布设优化方法，通过合理设置接运公交线路，扩大轨道交通的间接影响范围，充分发挥其大运量的特点，同时使轨道-接运公交系统性能达到最优，促进整个城市公共交通系统良好运行。本文结合国内外研究现状，对轨道交通与常规公交系统之间的协调运行，以及轨道交通与接运公交之间的线路优化等问题进行了阐述，结合目前所取得的主要成果以及目前研究中所存在的问题，制定了本文的研究思路以及技术路线。对常规公交系统线路规划的一般理论和方法进行了分析，并结合接运公交系统优化问题，采取解优法对轨道-接运公交线路优化问题进行分析。针对接运公交线网优化问题，以轨道-接运公交系统总成本最小为最优目标，，考虑到线路长度、线路重复系数及模型参考值等为约束条件，本文建立了轨道-接运公交线路优化的数学模型。针对此数学模型，依靠一般的数学方法求解有一定的难度，所以本文对几种典型的启发式算法进行分析，最后选取遗传算法作为模型的求解算法。此外，在分析比较几种评价方法的基础上，提出建议选用DEA作为接运线网效益的评价方法。在对长春市公共交通系统分析的基础上，以轨道交通4号线作为本文的目标线路，选取其中的4个站点作为本文的分析对象，对其周边的常规公交站点的布设进行了分析。在本文建立的优化模型的基础上，用遗传算法对其进行了求解，得到了其周边接运公交的最优线路，验证了本文所提出的优化模型的可用性。并用DEA方法进行评价。最后结合本文研究中所忽略的问题，提出了下一步研究计划。本文的研究方法为适应轨道交通的常规公交线路的线路优化问题提供了一定的参考。
[Abstract]:Bus priority is an effective method to solve urban traffic problems. Because the rail transit system has the advantages of large capacity, high speed and high punctuality, dozens of cities have been built or are building urban rail transit system in China. However, due to the fixed lines of rail transit system and the limited radiation range, the passenger flow outside its influence range may not reach the rail transit station. Due to the fact that rail transit is not taken into account in the initial stage of urban construction, the rail transit and conventional public transport system are seriously disjointed, and there is a lack of cooperation between the two systems. Aiming at this kind of problems, this paper puts forward the method of optimizing the layout of transit line for rail transit station. By setting up the bus line reasonably, the indirect influence range of rail transit is enlarged, and the characteristics of mass transit are brought into full play. At the same time, the performance of rail-transit system is optimized, and the whole urban public transportation system is promoted to run well. In this paper, the coordinated operation between rail transit and conventional public transport system, and the route optimization between rail transit and transit system are discussed in combination with the current research situation at home and abroad. Combined with the main achievements and the existing problems in the present research, the research ideas and technical route of this paper are worked out. This paper analyzes the general theory and method of route planning of conventional public transport system, and combines the optimization problem of transit system, and adopts the optimization method to analyze the optimization problem of rail transit line. In order to solve the problem of bus network optimization, the minimum total cost of rail transit system is considered as the optimal target, and the line length, line repetition coefficient and model reference value are considered as the constraints. In this paper, the mathematical model of the rail-bus route optimization is established. It is difficult to solve this mathematical model by general mathematical methods, so this paper analyzes several typical heuristic algorithms, and finally selects genetic algorithm as the algorithm to solve the model. In addition, based on the analysis and comparison of several evaluation methods, it is suggested that DEA should be selected as the evaluation method for the efficiency of transportation network. Based on the analysis of the public transportation system in Changchun City, the paper takes track 4 of the rail transit as the target line of this paper, and selects 4 stations as the analysis object, and analyzes the layout of the routine bus stations around it. On the basis of the optimization model established in this paper, the genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem, and the optimal route of the peripheral transit is obtained, which verifies the availability of the proposed optimization model. DEA method is used to evaluate. Finally, combined with the problems neglected in this study, the next research plan is put forward. The research method in this paper provides a certain reference for the route optimization of conventional bus routes.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17;U293.5

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