无线感知在交通物联网中的应用

发布时间：2018-06-20 11:35

本文选题：无线传感网络 + 车辆检测　；参考：《天津科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：二十一世纪以来,我国机动车的年增长率逐年递增,而交通基础设施的增长速度却远远落后与机动车辆的增长速度。同时交通运输一方面促进经济的持续增长,另一方面带来的交通拥挤、能源短缺和交通事故等负面问题也日益明显。特别在大中型城市的停车问题已经演变成为极其严重的交通问题。因此我国急需对公路的交通流量、车辆类型、车速等实时监控,对城市停车位进行有效引导和管理。本文研究了一种无线感知车辆检测系统。系统主要分为两个部分：车辆行驶中的无线感知和车辆停止状态的无线感知(停车位感知)。在相关区域部署的无线压电感知节点和无线弱磁感知节点构成无线传感子网,用来采集海量的车辆信息数据。无线Mesh网络为区域高速骨干网络,每一区域的无线传感子网的交通信息数据的传输和汇聚都是由相应的无线Mesh节点来实现,再经过Mesh基站节点将交通信息数据上传到服务器分析、处理后,再通过友好的界面展示,最终为相关人员的停车服务提供指引,从而为道路规划、设计、维护和决策提供全面可靠的数据支持。本文的主要研究工作包括以下四个方面：第一部分介绍分析了无线感知在交通物联网领域的现状和发展趋势,对行驶中的车辆感知传感器和停车位车辆感知传感器分别进行了比较分析,并确定压电薄膜交通传感器和地磁传感器动静结合的感知方案。第二部分着重介绍整个系统的硬件架构,包括无线Mesh节点、抓拍设备等的硬件选择,以及无线弱磁节点和压电信号变送器的硬件设计。第三部分介绍系统的软件实现,主要从无线感知节点对交通信息数据的获取、传输,以及无线Mesh节点SerialForward的实现和交通信息数据的存储、处理和展示。最后一部分为无线感知车辆检测系统的现场测试,并对系统的各个功能进行了验证。
[Abstract]:Since the 21 century, the annual growth rate of motor vehicles in China has been increasing year by year, but the growth rate of transportation infrastructure has lagged far behind that of motor vehicles. Meanwhile, on the one hand, transportation promotes the sustained growth of economy, on the other hand, the negative problems, such as traffic congestion, energy shortage and traffic accidents, are becoming more and more obvious. Especially in large and medium-sized cities, the parking problem has evolved into a very serious traffic problem. Therefore, our country is in urgent need of real-time monitoring of highway traffic flow, vehicle type, speed and so on, and effective guidance and management of urban parking spaces. A wireless sensing vehicle detection system is studied in this paper. The system is mainly divided into two parts: the wireless perception of vehicle driving and the wireless perception of vehicle stop state (parking space perception). The wireless piezoelectric sensing nodes and the wireless weak magnetic sensing nodes deployed in the related areas constitute a wireless sensor subnet which is used to collect a large amount of vehicle information data. Wireless mesh network is a regional high-speed backbone network. The traffic information data transmission and convergence of wireless sensor subnet in each region are realized by the corresponding wireless mesh nodes. Then the traffic information data is uploaded to the server through the mesh base station node to analyze, after processing, then through the friendly interface display, finally provides the guidance for the related personnel parking service, thus for the road planning, the design, Provide comprehensive and reliable data support for maintenance and decision-making. The main research work of this paper includes the following four aspects: the first part introduces and analyzes the current situation and development trend of wireless perception in the field of transportation Internet of things. The vehicle sensor and parking sensor are compared and analyzed respectively, and the sensing scheme of piezoelectric film traffic sensor combined with geomagnetic sensor is determined. The second part mainly introduces the hardware architecture of the whole system, including the hardware selection of wireless mesh node, capture device, and the hardware design of wireless weak magnetic node and EV transmitter. The third part introduces the software implementation of the system, mainly from the wireless sensing node to the traffic information data acquisition, transmission, wireless mesh node Serial forward implementation and traffic information data storage, processing and display. The last part is the field test of the wireless sensing vehicle detection system, and the functions of the system are verified.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U495;TN929.5;TP391.44

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