基于美景度评价的济南市快速路绿地植物配置研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 03:52

本文选题：快速路绿地 + 植物配置　；参考：《山东建筑大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：十八大之后,住房城乡建设部针对城市道路绿化的建设提出了一些指导性的意见,要求城市道路绿化要达到“有路就有树,有树就有荫”的景观效果。在该意见的指导下要加强城市道路绿化隔离带、道路分车带和行道树的绿化建设,增加乔木种植比重,在降低交通能耗、减少尾气污染的同时,为步行及非机动车使用者提供健康、安全、舒适的出行空间。从城市生态环境、城市景观特色、技术基础支撑这三个层面分析,城市快速路在发挥缓解交通运输压力作用的同时也带来了不容忽视的影响,庆幸的是这种影响已经引起了人们的注意,大量学者针对快速路沿线生态环境、视觉环境和人文环境建设问题提出了现代景观规划设计和景观评价的理论与方法。调查济南市现有快速路绿地发现：快速路绿地树木种类少、配置模式单调,景观的整体性、连续性、可识别性较差,导致快速路道路景观难以体现济南自身的文化特色。需要考虑科学合理、可持续的快速路绿地植物配置形式,使快速路绿地景观实现生态效益最大化,起到美化环境、装饰城市的作用。本文通过对济南市经十路和齐鲁大道这两条快速路绿地植物景观的调查并进行分类总结,以美景度评价法(SBE法),语义评价法(SD法)为基本评价方法,研究影响各景观效果的因子和与美景度值的数学关系,并建立济南市快速路绿地植物配置评价的回归模型,来研究人们对快速路绿地不同植物配置形式的景观审美差异,对今后济南市快速路绿地植物配置形式提供一定的科学依据和参考价值。通过一系列研究得出了以下结果： (1)通过实地调查得知,经十路(燕山立交桥-邢村立交桥)、齐鲁大道(小清河-经十路)两条济南快速路的主要植物种类有：悬铃木、国槐、雪松、木槿、大叶女贞、紫叶李、侧柏、红叶石楠、连翘、洒金千头柏、小龙柏、瓜子黄杨、大叶黄杨、金叶女贞、高羊茅等；植物种植方式有自然式、规则式和混合式3种；配置形式上主要有乔木、灌木和草本植物搭配、乔木和灌木搭配、乔木和草本植物4种搭配形式。组景形式主要采用了对景、障景和借景等手法。 (2)通过美景度评价和SD语义分析得出济南市快速路4种绿带植物配置SBE平均值为：中央分车绿化带植物配置类(SBEA=0.527)、两侧分车绿化带植物配置类(SBEB=-0.176)、行道树绿化带植物配置类(SBEC=-0.375)、路侧绿化带植物配置类(SBED=0.054)。 (3)了解园林植物景观特性的前提下,根据美学原理选出8个美景度评价的预测因子进行评判。即植物形态、质感、色彩与季相、植物多样性、植物配置层次、视线、统一与变化、韵律与节奏。评价者对影响道路绿地植物配置美景度评价的预测因子进行评分。 (4)由于快速路四种绿化带有不同的植物配置形式和不同的功能,所以对上述8个预测因子进行回归分析之后,分别筛选出最能影响该种绿化带植物景观的因子,建立了相应的回归模型：中央分车绿化带植物景观类植物形态+0.314*色彩与季相+0.256*视线+0.612*韵律节奏感两侧分车绿化带植物景观类：植物形态+0.352*色彩与季相+0.127*植物配置层次+0.551*视线+0.866*韵律节奏感行道树绿化带植物景观类：植物形态+0.248*植物配置层次路侧绿化带植物景观类：植物形态+0.562*色彩与季相+0.123*植物多样性+0.408*植物配置层次-0.017*视线+0.026*统一变化+0.272*韵律节奏感 (5)根据本文美景度的预测模型,推荐了适合济南市快速路四种绿化带的植物配置形式,供快速路绿地植物设计者参考。
[Abstract]:After the eighteen major, the Ministry of housing and urban construction put forward some guiding opinions on the construction of urban road greening. It requires that urban road greening should achieve the landscape effect of "there are trees and trees with shade". Under the guidance of this opinion, we should strengthen the urban road greening isolation belt, Road Division belt and road tree greening construction, increase Increasing the proportion of arbor trees can reduce traffic energy consumption and reduce tail gas pollution, and provide healthy, safe and comfortable travel space for pedestrians and non motor vehicle users.
From the three aspects, the urban ecological environment, the urban landscape characteristics and the technical foundation support the analysis. The urban expressway has brought the effect that can not be ignored while playing the relief of traffic and transportation pressure. Fortunately, this effect has already aroused people's attention. A large number of scholars aim at the ecological environment, visual environment and people along the expressway. This paper puts forward the theory and method of the modern landscape planning and landscape evaluation. The investigation of the existing expressway green space in Ji'nan is found that the trees of the expressway are few, the configuration pattern is monotonous, the landscape is integral, continuity, and the identifiability is poor, which leads to the difficulty of the express of Ji'nan's own cultural characteristics. It is necessary to consider the scientific and rational, sustainable Expressway green space plant configuration form, make the expressway Greenland Landscape realize the maximum ecological benefit, beautify the environment and decorate the city.
Through the investigation and classification of the plant landscape of the two Expressway in Ji'nan, the ten road and Qilu Road, the paper uses the beauty evaluation method (SBE method) and the semantic evaluation method (SD method) as the basic evaluation method to study the factors affecting the landscape effect and the mathematical relationship with the beauty value of the landscape, and establish the greenbelt plants in Ji'nan expressway. The regression model of the allocation evaluation is used to study the landscape aesthetic differences of different plant configuration forms of Expressway green space, and provide some scientific basis and reference value for the plant configuration form of Ji'nan express road green space in the future.
(1) through field survey, it has been found that the main plant species of two Ji'nan express routes in Qilu Avenue (Xiaoqing River - ten road) are the main species of Ji'nan Expressway (Yanshan cross bridge - Xingcun overpass): Cambodian, Sophora japonica, cedar, hibiscus, Ligustrum lucidum, purple leaf plum, Platycladus orientalis, red leaf Shi Nan, forsythia forsythia, golden Kagan, yellow plucking, Euonymus japonicus, Ligustrum golden leaf, Tall fescue, such as tall fescue, plant planting methods have natural, regular and mixed 3 species; the main configuration form of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants, trees and shrubs collocation, trees and herbaceous plants 4 collocation forms.
(2) through the beauty evaluation and SD semantic analysis, the average value of the 4 green belt plants in Ji'nan expressway is the average value of SBE: the plant configuration class (SBEA=0.527), the plant configuration class (SBEB=-0.176) on both sides of the green belt, the plant configuration class of the road tree greening belt (SBEC=-0.375), and the plant configuration class of the road side greening belt (SBED=0.054).
(3) on the premise of understanding the characteristics of garden plant landscape, according to aesthetic principle, select 8 prediction factors of beauty evaluation, namely, plant morphology, texture, color and season, plant diversity, plant configuration level, line of sight, unity and change, rhythm and rhythm. The son scored the score.
(4) because four kinds of greening have different plant configuration and different functions, after the regression analysis of the 8 forecast factors, the factors that can affect the plant landscape of the green belt are screened out, and the corresponding regression models are established.
Plant color and plant morphology of central distribution green belt +0.314* color and seasonal +0.256* sight +0.612* rhythm rhythm
Plant landscapes on both sides of the green belt: plant morphology +0.352* color and seasonal +0.127* plant configuration level +0.551* sight +0.866* rhythm rhythm
Plant landscape of roadside tree belt: plant morphology, +0.248* plant disposition level
Plant landscape of road side green belt: plant morphology +0.562* color and seasonal +0.123* plant diversity +0.408* plant configuration level -0.017* line of sight +0.026* changes +0.272* rhythm rhythm
(5) according to the prediction model of scenic beauty in this article, the plant configuration suitable for four kinds of green belts in Ji'nan expressway is recommended for reference by plant designers of Expressway green space.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U418.9

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