基于连续交通流模型的非信控环岛交通流建模

发布时间：2018-06-24 15:19

本文选题：环岛 + LWR模型　；参考：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来随着我国社会经济快速发展,城市现代化进程不断加快,城市人口和规模持续膨胀,机动化水平迅速提高,交通拥挤已经成为城市的发展瓶颈之一。城市管理者先后采取了一系列的措施和方法来缓解交通拥挤,包括新建道路、扩建和改造道路、采用先进的交通管理系统等。长期实践表明：道路交叉口是影响道路运行效率的关键结点,对交叉口进行交通流运行特性分析,对提高道路运行效率有重要意义。本文是对一种具有交通自组织能力的特殊交叉口——非信控环岛的交通流运行特性进行了建模分析。通过实际观察,环岛内的交通只有合流、分流以及交织冲突,与高速公路上的交通极其类似,环岛上的进口匝道和出口匝道也类似于高速公路上的上匝道和下匝道,如果不考虑相邻进出口之间的距离以及车速,非信控环岛完全可以看作是一条短的环型高速公路。因此,本文将非信控环岛看作是一条短的环型高速公路,借鉴已经成功运用于高速公路交通流的模型进行环岛交通流建模,试图建立一个适合任何类型的非信控环岛的交通流运行特性的模型。首先,本文将环岛内的交通流依据车辆的进出匝道分成不同的类型,分别对每种类型的交通流运行特性采用LWR模型进行建模,并且推导统一的模型来刻画这个复杂的动力系统。其次,以圆形均匀对称且由四条含有相同车道数的进出匝道的非信控环岛为例得到模型的差分格式,进而通过案例分析得到模型的有效性以及差分格式的鲁棒性。最后,在此基础上,通过一系列的数值实验进一步探究了影响非信控环岛交通流的因素,模拟结果表明：环道车道数与进口路段车道数的配置,环道的自由流速度以及U型转向车辆对环岛交通流的影响都很大；在交通流量较大的环岛中,环道的车道数应不小于进口路段的车道数；环道的自由流速度越大或者U型转向车辆越少,环岛的运行效率越高。这些说明该模型可以很好地运用于非信控的环岛系统,对合理设计和组织规划环岛处乃至整个城市路网的交通都有积极的现实指导意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's social economy, the process of urban modernization is accelerating, the population and scale of the city continue to expand, the level of motorization is rapidly improved, traffic congestion has become one of the bottlenecks of urban development. City managers have adopted a series of measures and methods to alleviate traffic congestion, including the construction of new roads, the expansion and reconstruction of roads, and the adoption of advanced traffic management systems. The long-term practice shows that the road intersection is the key node that affects the road operation efficiency. It is of great significance to analyze the traffic flow characteristics of the intersection to improve the road operation efficiency. In this paper, the traffic flow characteristics of a special intersection-non-signal control island with self-organizing traffic capability are modeled and analyzed. According to the actual observation, the traffic in the ring island is only confluence, shunt and conflict, which is very similar to the traffic on the freeway, and the entrance ramp and the exit ramp on the ring island are similar to the upper and lower ramps on the freeway. If we do not consider the distance and speed between the adjacent entrances and exits, the non-signal control ring island can be regarded as a short ring expressway. Therefore, in this paper, the non-signal control ring island is regarded as a short ring type expressway, and the traffic flow model of the ring island is built by using the model that has been successfully applied to the expressway traffic flow. This paper attempts to establish a model for traffic flow characteristics of any type of non-controlled island. Firstly, the traffic flow in the ring island is divided into different types according to the on-ramp of the vehicle. The LWR model is used to model the traffic flow characteristics of each type of traffic flow, and a unified model is derived to describe the complex power system. Secondly, the difference scheme of the model is obtained by taking the circular uniform symmetry and four non-signal loop islands with the same number of lanes as an example, and then the validity of the model and the robustness of the difference scheme are obtained by case analysis. Finally, through a series of numerical experiments, the factors that affect the traffic flow of the non-signal control ring island are further explored. The simulation results show that the number of traffic lanes in the ring road and the number of lanes in the entrance section are configured. The free flow velocity of the ring road and the U-type steering vehicle have great influence on the traffic flow around the island, and the number of lanes in the ring road should not be less than the number of lanes in the entrance section of the ring island with large traffic flow. The higher the free flow velocity is or the less the U steering vehicle is, the higher the running efficiency is. These results show that the model can be well applied to the non-information-controlled ring island system and has a positive practical significance for the rational design and planning of the traffic around the island and the entire urban road network.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.112

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