基于新型光纤光栅传感技术的城市高架桥健康监测技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 11:19

本文选题：城市高架桥 + 光纤光栅　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着中国城市的发展速度越来越快,对城市高架桥的需求及要求也相应增加和提高。城市高架桥梁一旦建成投入使用后,在其长期运营的过程中除了自身材料性能会不断退化、老化外,同时还会受到自然灾害及人为因素的影响,如：地质灾害、气候、车祸、超载运营、火灾等因素,从而导致结构或构件有不同程度的自然累积损伤和突然损伤,导致其性能的降低。由于其建设在城市中,有的甚至与人们的生活区相邻相近,如果产生灾害或破坏,将会直接威胁人们的生命和财产安全。我们在注重建设的同时,更应该对其营运期间的安全性、可靠性、耐久性和正常使用功能给予更大的关注和重视。因此,对城市特殊高架桥梁结构实行健康监测就显得尤为必要。传感器是人们的感知世界、获取信息的“触角”,传感器可以在人类无法适应的恶劣环境替代人们获取所需的信息,传感技术是现代技术竞争中的核心技术之一。光纤传感器作为近年来逐步发展起来的传感器,它具有重量轻、体积小、无源操作、低功率、抗电磁干扰、高灵敏度、宽带宽和环境耐受力强等优点,在多参量同时测量、分布式或复用传感及实现智能化结构等方面的优势更为明显,因而具有很好的发展潜力。而且,光纤传感器的组成元件在价格、质量等方面的发展使得光纤传感器相对于传统传感器的优势越来越明显。目前,研制开发出的光纤传感器及配套系统已经广泛运用于测量角度、加速度、压力、气体、振动、温度、移位、应变等方面。光纤光栅传感器技术有着传统传感器技术所无法比拟和替代的优势,因此该类新型技术结合现代的岩土工程健康监测应用,是非常有意义的。本文围绕现代城市高架桥的健康监测与新型光纤光栅传感器结合应用这一主题联系工程实际,对大悬臂盖主梁的受力模式,盖梁施工阶段受力分析与控制,盖梁结构优化,及成桥适用性评价方面开展研究工作。解决了工程实施过程中存在的一些实际问题,取得了良好的社会、经济效益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of Chinese cities, the demand for urban viaducts is increasing. Once built and put into use, urban elevated bridges will be affected by natural disasters and human factors, such as geological disasters, climate, car accidents, in addition to their own material properties will continue to deteriorate and aging during their long-term operation. Overloading operation, fire and other factors lead to varying degrees of natural cumulative damage and sudden damage to the structure or component, resulting in the degradation of its performance. Because of its construction in the city, some are even close to the people's living area, if the disaster or damage, will directly threaten people's life and property safety. We should pay more attention to the safety, reliability, durability and normal function of the operation. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out health monitoring of special elevated bridge structures in cities. Sensors are the "antennae" of people's perception of the world and the acquisition of information. Sensors can replace the information people need in a harsh environment that people cannot adapt to. Sensor technology is one of the core technologies in the modern technology competition. Fiber optic sensor, as a kind of sensor developed gradually in recent years, has the advantages of light weight, small volume, passive operation, low power, anti-electromagnetic interference, high sensitivity, wide bandwidth and strong environmental tolerance. The advantages of distributed or multiplexed sensing and intelligent structure are more obvious, so it has good development potential. Moreover, the development of the components of optical fiber sensors in price and quality makes the advantages of optical fiber sensors more and more obvious compared with traditional sensors. At present, the developed optical fiber sensor and its supporting system have been widely used in measuring angle, acceleration, pressure, gas, vibration, temperature, displacement, strain and so on. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor technology has the advantage that the traditional sensor technology can not be compared and replaced, so this kind of new technology combined with the modern geotechnical engineering health monitoring application, is very meaningful. Based on the application of modern urban viaduct health monitoring and new fiber Bragg grating sensors, this paper combines with engineering practice, analyzes and controls the stress of the main girder of the large cantilever cover, and optimizes the structure of the cover beam. And the applicability of the bridge evaluation to carry out research work. Some practical problems in the process of project implementation have been solved, and good social and economic benefits have been obtained.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U446;TP212

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