基于耦合方法的高速列车进入隧道诱发压力波动研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 21:39

本文选题：高速列车 + 隧道　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：高速列车车头驶入隧道过程中，车头前产生初始压缩波，该压缩波传播至隧道出口端时，部分压缩波向隧道外辐射，强度足够大时，形成洞口微压波，对隧道周围环境和居民产生严重影响。列车通过隧道过程中形成隧道压力波，该压力波传入车厢内，影响司乘人员的乘车舒适性。因此，准确模拟出初始压缩波以及隧道内压力波具有现实意义和实用价值。本文采用涡声理论方法研究了高速列车进入隧道过程产生的隧道压力波。列车车头进入隧道过程中车头相当于点源，将其用单极子源代替模拟其产生的初始压缩波，并与车头用单极子源和偶极子源代替时产生的初始压缩波进行对比。列车车身进入隧道过程中，考虑了出流涡和分离流动对压力波的影响。车尾进入隧道过程中，车尾相当于点汇并用单极子源和偶极子源代替。初始压缩波及隧道压力波的数值模拟结果与国外试验数据吻合较好。基于该方法研究了四种列车头型，，旋成圆锥体、旋成抛物体、旋成椭圆体及钝体、列车速度对初始压缩波及压力变化率的影响。给出了旋成圆锥体、旋成抛物体、旋成椭圆体、钝体四种列车头型下，压缩波的最大压力变化值和最大压力变化率与速度的拟合方程。本文首次将涡声理论分析方法与一维可压缩非定常流动模型特征线法进行耦合，改进了一维特征线法，使其能够模拟不同的列车头型。高速列车进入隧道过程中，车头和车尾附近三维效应较强烈的区域采用涡声理论方法计算，环状空间以及隧道内其它区域采用一维特征线法计算。通过与国外模型试验结果的对比，验证了旋成体列车进入隧道时耦合方法及耦合程序的正确性。基于耦合方法研究了列车头型和列车速度对隧道内压力波及其变化率的影响。本文建立的耦合方法实现了以较少的计算机资源较为准确的模拟列车进入隧道过程产生的压力波动。本文的一些研究方法和结论可为相关研究人员提供参考。
[Abstract]:The initial compression wave is produced in front of the high speed train in the process of entering the tunnel. When the compression wave propagates to the exit of the tunnel, some of the compressed wave radiates outside the tunnel, and when the intensity is large enough, the micro-pressure wave forms at the opening of the tunnel. Have a serious impact on the surrounding environment and residents of the tunnel. The tunnel pressure wave is formed in the course of train passing through the tunnel, and the pressure wave is introduced into the compartment, which affects the ride comfort of the passengers. Therefore, it is of practical significance and practical value to accurately simulate the initial compression wave and the pressure wave in the tunnel. In this paper, the pressure wave generated by high-speed train entering the tunnel is studied by means of eddy sound theory. In the process of the train front entering the tunnel, the front of the train is equivalent to the point source, and the initial compression wave generated by the monopole source is replaced by the monopole source, and compared with the initial compression wave produced when the train head is replaced by the monopole source and the dipole source. In the process of the train body entering the tunnel, the influence of the outflow vortex and the separated flow on the pressure wave is considered. In the process of entering the tunnel, the rear end is equivalent to point convergence and is replaced by monopole source and dipole source. The numerical simulation results of initial compression and tunnel pressure waves are in good agreement with foreign experimental data. Based on this method, the effect of train velocity on the rate of initial compression and pressure variation is studied. Four types of train head, rotating cone, rotating throwing object, rotating ellipsoid and blunt body are studied. The fitting equations of the maximum pressure variation value and the maximum pressure change rate and velocity of the compression wave are given under four kinds of train heads, I. e., cone, object, ellipsoid and blunt body. In this paper, for the first time, the theory of vortex-acoustic analysis is coupled with the eigenline method of one-dimensional compressible unsteady flow model, and the one-dimensional characteristic line method is improved to make it possible to simulate different train heads. In the process of high-speed train entering the tunnel, the three dimensional effect near the front and rear of the vehicle is calculated by the eddy sound theory method, and the annular space and other areas in the tunnel are calculated by the one-dimensional characteristic line method. The correctness of the coupling method and the coupling program are verified by comparing the results of the model tests with those of other countries. Based on the coupling method, the influence of train head and train speed on the pressure wave and its variation rate in the tunnel is studied. The coupling method established in this paper can simulate the pressure fluctuation caused by the train entering the tunnel with less computer resources. Some research methods and conclusions in this paper can provide reference for related researchers.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U270.11;U451.3

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