城市道路建设工程生命周期评估软件的研究及应用

发布时间：2018-07-12 12:06

本文选题：城市道路建设 + 生命周期评价　；参考：《复旦大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市化进程的快速发展,城市道路建设工程数量也日益增长。城市道路建设工程不仅消耗大量资源和能源,还会对生态环境产生一定的破坏：建设过程中所需天然骨料的开采,势必会造成当地的生态破坏；工程建设使用的各种原材料的运输过程无疑会造成大量温室气体的排放,建设过程垃圾的填埋处理势必占用大量土地。研究城市道路建设工程生命周期过程中的资源能源消耗和温室气体排放无疑具有重要现实意义。采用传统方法开展生命周期评价往往需要收集大量数据且耗时长,专业性很强,因此,开发一种面向普通用户,可以节约计算时间,易于使用的生命周期评估软件十分必要。目前我国尚未见专门研究道路建设工程生命周期评估软件的报道。本文旨在开发一种可视化评价软件,以快速直观地分析我国城市道路建设工程生命周期过程的资源能源消耗和温室气体等的排放。本文首先全面介绍了国内外关于道路建设的生命周期评估软件,然后重点介绍了我国城市道路建设工程生命周期评估软件(URC-LCA)的开发过程,软件全面展示了道路建设各模块(拆除模块、废旧材料处理模块、建材生产模块、材料运输模块)的资源能源消耗,分析了整个生命周期过程对环境的影响,包括能量消耗,温室气体(CO2、N2O、CH4)排放,以及其他废气、废水、固体废弃的排放等等。并且通过图表形式直观显示。最后通过上海中环线延伸段工程案例研究进一步展示评估软件的可行性,分析了该工程各模块的环境排放,在该工程中建材生产阶段消耗的能源最大,产生的温室气体最多,因此在该阶段应使用更加环保,利用价值更高,对环境污染更小的建材,以进一步减少整个建设过程对环境的影响。本文的研究成果,将为科学直观评估城市道路建设工程生命周期过程资源能源消耗和温室气体排放提供方法与软件支持,对进一步研究我国道路建设工程环境影响和低碳技术节能减排效果有重要参考意义。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the number of urban road construction projects is increasing day by day. Urban road construction project not only consumes a large amount of resources and energy, but also has certain damage to the ecological environment: the exploitation of natural aggregate in the process of construction is bound to cause local ecological damage; The transportation process of all kinds of raw materials used in engineering construction will undoubtedly result in a large amount of greenhouse gas emissions, and the landfill treatment of the construction process will inevitably occupy a large amount of land. It is undoubtedly of practical significance to study the resource and energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission in the life cycle of urban road construction project. It is necessary to develop a life-cycle evaluation software for ordinary users, which can save computing time and is easy to use, because the traditional method of life cycle evaluation often needs to collect a large amount of data, take a long time and have a strong specialization, so it is necessary to develop a kind of life cycle assessment software which can save computing time and is easy to use. At present, there is no report on the life cycle assessment software of road construction project in China. The purpose of this paper is to develop a visual evaluation software to analyze the resource and energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission of the life cycle process of urban road construction project in China quickly and intuitively. This paper first introduces the life cycle assessment software of road construction at home and abroad, and then focuses on the development process of the life cycle assessment software (URC-LCA) of urban road construction project in China. The software shows the resource and energy consumption of the road construction modules (demolition module, waste material processing module, building materials production module, material transportation module), and analyzes the impact of the whole life cycle process on the environment, including energy consumption. Greenhouse gas (CO _ 2 N _ 2O _ 4) emissions, as well as other exhaust gases, wastewater, solid waste emissions and so on. And through the chart form visual display. Finally, the feasibility of the evaluation software is further demonstrated through the case study of the extension section of the Shanghai Central Ring Line, and the environmental emissions of each module of the project are analyzed. In this project, the energy consumption of building materials is the largest and the greenhouse gas is the most produced in the stage of building materials production. Therefore, more environmentally friendly, more valuable and less polluting building materials should be used in this stage in order to further reduce the impact of the whole construction process on the environment. The research results of this paper will provide methods and software support for the scientific and intuitive assessment of resource and energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions during the life cycle of urban road construction projects. It has important reference significance to further study the environmental impact of road construction project and the effect of energy saving and emission reduction of low carbon technology.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U415;TP311.52

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