基于最小最大后悔值的轴辐式班轮航线网络优化研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 20:46

本文选题：轴辐式网络 + 班轮运输　；参考：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在竞争激烈、缓慢复苏的班轮运输市场,设计行之有效的班轮航线网络是对班轮公司有限的资源进行合理分配,从而降低公司运输成本以获得经营优势的重要手段。考虑到船舶的大型化发展以及班轮航运联盟的形成,越来越多的班轮公司采用轴辐式班轮航线网络替代多港挂靠网络以提高服务频率,并取得规模经济效应。轴辐式班轮航线网络决定着班轮公司未来多年的服务范围和服务水平,班轮公司为保证市场占有率,不会轻易对航线网络进行变更。运营过程中运输需求因素等具有较大的不确定性,需求的波动会使投入运营的航线网络与实际需求不匹配,造成班轮公司网络和运力资源投入过剩或不足,最终导致班轮公司的经济损失,承担较大的风险。班轮公司如何在需求波动的条件下合理设计航运网络,从而达到规避风险、实现长期经济收益,成为班轮公司管理决策的重点。因此,本文运用需求情景集反映班轮航线网络中的需求不确定性,针对某一特定需求情景建立单分配、枢纽港无容量限制、不允许支线港通航的轴辐式班轮航线网络优化模型,并引入最小最大后悔值理论建立不确定需求下的轴辐式班轮航线网络优化模型,从而帮助班轮公司规避风险,建立在中长期较为稳定的班轮航线网络。通过禁忌搜索算法的求解得到在不确定需求下、以班轮公司航线运营成本最小为目标时枢纽港的选择以及支线港的具体配置方案。最后以某公司运营的亚洲-西北欧航线为算例,通过查阅相关班轮公司的网站资料等形式收集航线、港口、集装箱运输量等相关数据,验证本文设计的不确定需求下的轴辐式班轮航线网络优化模型具有可行性,最终的优化结果具有鲁棒性,可以帮助班轮公司在需求波动的条件下建立在中长期能够保持合理性与可行性的班轮航线网络。
[Abstract]:In the competitive and slowly recovering liner shipping market, the design of an effective liner route network is an important means to reasonably allocate the limited resources of the liner company and thus reduce the transportation cost of the company in order to obtain the operating advantages. Considering the large-scale development of ships and the formation of liner shipping alliance, more and more liner companies use axle-spoke liner line network instead of multi-port link network to improve service frequency and achieve economies of scale. The axle-spoke liner line network determines the service range and service level of the liner company in the coming years. In order to ensure the market share, the liner company will not change the route network easily. In the course of operation, the factors of transportation demand are uncertain, the fluctuation of demand will make the operational route network mismatch with the actual demand, resulting in excess or insufficient investment in the liner company network and transportation resources. Eventually lead to the liner company's economic losses, bear a greater risk. How to reasonably design the shipping network under the condition of fluctuating demand, so as to avoid risks and realize long-term economic benefits, has become the key point of the liner company's management decision. Therefore, this paper uses the demand scenario set to reflect the uncertainty of demand in the liner shipping line network, and establishes a single allocation model for a particular demand scenario. The hub port has no capacity restriction, and does not allow the branch port to operate the axle-spoke liner route network optimization model. The theory of minimum maximum regret value is introduced to establish the optimal model of axle-spoke liner route network under uncertain demand, which can help the liner company to avoid risks and build a stable liner route network in the medium and long term. By solving the Tabu search algorithm, the selection of the hub port and the specific configuration scheme of the branch line port are obtained when the line operation cost is the minimum under the uncertain demand. Finally, taking the Asian-Western Europe route operated by a company as an example, we collect the relevant data on routes, ports, container traffic and so on by consulting the website information of the relevant liner companies. Verify the feasibility of the proposed model of shaft-spoke liner network optimization under uncertain demand, and the final optimization results are robust. It can help the liner company to establish a reasonable and feasible liner route network in the medium and long term under the condition of fluctuating demand.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U695.2

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