港池水交换及浮油清理工程布设研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 07:34

【摘要】：港口是世界经济增长的重要推动力量,也是人类活动与环境问题有着强烈冲突的场所。绿色生态港口是新一代港口的主要发展模式,如何在港口的规划、设计、施工和运营中加强环境保护工作,实现“港区—人—自然”的和谐相处具有重要的理论和应用意义。本文在详细分析国内外研究现状的基础上,运用数值模拟的方法,采用大、小两层模型嵌套方式,构建了天津港和南港水动力模型。利用天津港模型模拟结果获取南港水动力模型的开边界条件,实现了港区水动力的高分辨模拟。研究综合考虑季节主导风力和潮流的影响,利用保守性可溶示踪剂和拉格朗日粒子追踪模型,分别对天津南港工业区东、西港池水交换能力,东、西港池水交换能力改善及东港池溢油扩散清除工程选址进行了研究,主要结论为:东港池水交换能力较强,通过4.98天就能完成水体更新,但东港池各区域水交换能力存在明显差异。港池口门处水交换能力最强,中部次之,港池底部水交换能力最弱。不同风况对港池的水交换能力产生影响,北风能提高港池水交换能力(4.84天),而南风则降低水交换能力(5.89天)。东西港池水交换能力差异显著,西港池距离海域口门较远,水体交换能力很弱。人工开渠后,西港池仅需要41天,就可达到工程前100天时相同的水体更新程度。研究发现,通过人工开渠的方式,能够显著提升西港池的水交换能力。在东港池各子区域内布设油粒子,预测浮油的迁移轨迹。根据油粒子轨迹密度负荷位置,布置清污设备,可以实现清油位置优选,提高了清油效率。研究考虑风的影响,比较不同清理方案下的清理效率,得到了最佳清理工程选址位置。结果显示,设置在天津南港工业区口门南侧防波堤附近的清理方案具有较高的清理效率(普遍可达60%以上),其中效果最优的清理方案6,在不同风况条件下可以保持80%左右的清理效率,大幅度提高清污效率。同时,清理方案还可以降低溢油和突发事故对于天津南港海域水环境的影响。
[Abstract]:Port is an important driving force of world economic growth and a strong conflict between human activities and environmental problems. The green ecological port is the main development mode of the new generation port. How to strengthen the environmental protection in the planning, design, construction and operation of the port and realize the harmonious coexistence of "port area, man and nature" has important theoretical and practical significance. Based on the detailed analysis of the present research situation at home and abroad, the hydrodynamic models of Tianjin Port and South Port are constructed by using the numerical simulation method and the nesting method of large and small two-layer models. The open boundary conditions of the hydrodynamic model of the South Port are obtained by using the simulation results of Tianjin Port model, and the high-resolution simulation of the hydrodynamic force in the port area is realized. Considering the influence of seasonal dominant wind force and tidal current, using conservative soluble tracer and Lagrangian particle tracing model, the water exchange capacity of East and West Pool in Nangang Industrial Zone of Tianjin, East, East, and East, respectively, were studied. The site selection of water exchange capacity improvement and oil spill diffusion removal in Donggang pool were studied. The main conclusions were as follows: the water exchange capacity of Donggang pool is relatively strong, and the water body renewal can be completed in 4.98 days. However, there are obvious differences in water exchange capacity among different regions of Donggang Pond. The water exchange capacity at the entrance is the strongest, followed by the middle, and the water exchange capacity at the bottom of the pool is the weakest. Different wind conditions have an effect on the water exchange capacity of the port pool. The north wind can increase the water exchange capacity of the port pool (4.84 days), while the southern wind can reduce the water exchange capacity (5.89 days). The water exchange capacity of the east and west ports is significant, and the water exchange capacity is very weak. After opening the canal manually, it takes only 41 days for Xigang Pond to reach the same level of water renewal as 100 days before the project. It is found that the water exchange capacity of the Xigang Pond can be significantly improved by manual opening of the canal. Oil particles are placed in each sub-area of Donggang Pool to predict the migration trajectory of oil slick. According to the load position of oil particle trajectory density and the arrangement of decontamination equipment, the oil cleaning position can be optimized and the oil removal efficiency can be improved. Considering the influence of wind, the optimal site location of cleaning project is obtained by comparing the cleaning efficiency of different cleaning schemes. The results show that The cleaning scheme set up near the breakwater on the south side of the entrance of Nangang Industrial Zone in Tianjin has a high cleaning efficiency (generally more than 60%), and the most effective cleaning scheme is 6, which can maintain about 80% cleaning efficiency under different wind conditions. Greatly improve the efficiency of decontamination. At the same time, the cleaning scheme can also reduce the impact of oil spills and unexpected accidents on the water environment of the South Port of Tianjin.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X736.1;U653.3

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