基于GIS和超效率DEA方法的常规公交线路评价

发布时间：2018-07-17 17:34

【摘要】：随着我国城市化和机动化的进展，城市机动车保有量呈几何级数增长，城市交通拥堵日趋严重，优先发展公共交通已上升为国家层面的策略。而当前我国多数公交出行率较低，与欧美等发达国家的大城市相比还有着较大差距。如何提高城市公交吸引力，引导居民选择公交出行是一项难题。因而，，有必要建立一套符合我国城市公交发展需求、能够为公交发展提供指导性建议的公交评价体系。本文主要建立针对公交线路的评价体系和方法。相比较于对整个城市公交系统进行综合评价，对具体公交线路的评价则更具有针对性。同时，鉴于目前尚没有一个关于公交线路优劣的公认标准，以若干公交评价指标的实际数值对公交线路进行评价均过于主观化。本文采用相对评价方法，对公交线路的相对优劣程度进行评价，并基于评价结果对现有公交线路进行归类，筛选出在一个或多个方面表现欠优的线路，并基于归类结果，对具体公交线路提出有针对性的优化建议。本文从公交规划、公交运营及服务三个方面，分别建立多个下级评价指标，并引入GIS空间评价工具，利用公交IC卡数据、公交GPS数据及出租车GPS数据对指标进行评价。建立起基于超效率DEA模型的公交线路单因素评价模型，以及基于AHP/超效率DEA模型的公交线路综合评价体系，对现有公交线路各方面表现状况进行评价分析，并提出有针对性的指导意见。本文以深圳市为评价实例，对所构建的评价体系和方法进行检验，得出较为合理的分析结果，进一步证明了研究成果的正确性
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization and motorization in China, the number of urban motor vehicles is increasing in geometric order, and the traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. The priority of developing public transportation has become a national strategy. At present, most of the public transport travel rate in China is relatively low, and there is still a big gap compared with the big cities in developed countries such as Europe and America. How to improve the attractiveness of urban public transport and guide residents to choose public transportation is a difficult problem. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a set of public transport evaluation system which can meet the needs of the development of urban public transport in China and can provide guidance and advice for the development of public transport. This article mainly establishes the appraisal system and the method for the public transportation line. Compared with the comprehensive evaluation of the whole urban public transport system, the evaluation of specific bus routes is more targeted. At the same time, in view of the fact that there is still no accepted standard on the bus route, it is too subjective to evaluate the bus route with the actual value of several public transport evaluation indexes. In this paper, relative evaluation method is used to evaluate the relative advantages and disadvantages of public transport lines. Based on the evaluation results, the existing bus lines are classified, and the lines with poor performance in one or more aspects are selected, and based on the classification results. The specific bus route optimization suggestions are put forward. From three aspects of public transportation planning, bus operation and service, this paper establishes several lower evaluation indexes, and introduces GIS spatial evaluation tool to evaluate the index by using bus IC card data, bus GPS data and taxi GPS data. A single factor evaluation model based on super-efficiency DEA model and a comprehensive evaluation system based on AHP- / super-efficiency DEA model are established to evaluate and analyze the performance of existing public transport lines. And put forward targeted guidance. Taking Shenzhen City as an example, this paper tests the evaluation system and method, and obtains more reasonable analysis results, which further proves the correctness of the research results.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17

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