无人驾驶电动车太阳能充电站的研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 13:50

【摘要】：近年来,一方面由于石油、煤炭等化石燃料的大量使用,雾霾、尾气污染、温室效应等环境问题日益加剧；另一方面由于世界各国政府推出新能源电动车的各项支持和补贴政策,电动汽车已成为未来新能源领域发展的重中之重,因此电动车太阳能充电站的研究将在以后的发展中具有重要的实用价值。本文以校园电瓶车为研究对象,设计了一个电动车太阳能充电站智能控制系统,其主要功能有两个：一是光伏组件给电动车或储能装置充电,二是储能装置给电动车充电,主要工作如下：1)研究了电动汽车和太阳能光伏发电技术的发展和应用,并分析了离网太阳能供电系统的组成,提出了无人驾驶电动车太阳能智能充电站系统的总体设计方案,采用基于DSP的软件控制与PWM的硬件控制相融合,并分模块阐述设计过程。2)根据整体方案和技术指标,计算了系统所需光伏组件和储能蓄电池的参数,包括所需太阳能电池板数量、串并联方式以及蓄电池的容量。在此基础上,完成了系统的硬件设计,主要包括充放电及驱动模块、系统电源模块、DSP最小系统模块及外围电路和采集控制模块,并进行了各模块的PCB制版及调试。3)基于CCS4.12软件开发环境,采用C语言完成了系统的软件设计。分析了蓄电池的充放电原理及常用的充电方法,设计了蓄电池的充放电流程,并详述了三阶段充电管理流程；分析了最大功率追踪原理及几种常见MPPT算法,设计了一种优化的变步长扰动观察法,以使得能最大效率利用太阳能电池组件转化的电能。4)基于以上研究,搭建了充放电原理样机,对系统各模块进行了软硬件调试,对系统的PWM驱动进行测试和分析。利用人工模拟光伏阵列输出信号,测试了系统主电路的充放电性能,验证了主电路在断续模式下的输出稳定性,从而保证了该系统的可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, on the one hand, due to oil, coal and other fossil fuels used in a large number of, haze, tail gas pollution, Greenhouse Effect and other environmental problems are increasingly aggravated; On the other hand, due to the various support and subsidy policies of the governments of various countries in the world to launch new energy electric vehicles, electric vehicles have become the most important part of the development of new energy fields in the future. Therefore, the research of electric vehicle solar charging station will have important practical value in the future development. In this paper, an intelligent control system for solar charging station of electric vehicle is designed. The main functions of the intelligent control system are as follows: one is photovoltaic module to charge electric vehicle or energy storage device, the other is energy storage device to charge electric vehicle. The main work is as follows: 1) the development and application of electric vehicle and solar photovoltaic power generation technology are studied, the composition of off-grid solar power supply system is analyzed, and the overall design scheme of solar intelligent charging station system for driverless electric vehicle is put forward. The software control based on DSP is combined with the hardware control of PWM, and the design process is described. 2) according to the overall scheme and technical index, the parameters of photovoltaic module and energy storage battery are calculated. Includes the number of solar panels required, series-parallel mode and battery capacity. On this basis, the hardware design of the system is completed, including charge / discharge module and drive module, system power module, DSP minimum system module, peripheral circuit and acquisition control module. The PCB plate-making and debugging of each module are carried out. 3) based on the CCS4.12 software development environment, the software design of the system is completed with C language. The charging and discharging principle and common charging methods of battery are analyzed, the charging and discharging flow of battery is designed, and the three-stage charge management flow is described, and the principle of maximum power tracing and several common MPPT algorithms are analyzed. Based on the above research, a prototype of charging and discharging principle is built, and the software and hardware of each module of the system are debugged. Test and analyze the PWM driver of the system. The charge-discharge performance of the main circuit of the system is tested by using artificial analog photovoltaic array output signal, and the output stability of the main circuit in the intermittent mode is verified, thus ensuring the feasibility of the system.
【学位授予单位】：西安工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U491.8

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