城市轨道交通应急接驳公交设计

发布时间：2018-08-18 11:59

【摘要】：随着越来越多的人口向城市聚集以及城市的不断扩张,不断增长的人口以及出行距离的增加给城市交通带来巨大的压力,为了缓解城市的交通压力,越来越多的城市已经或者正在修建地铁。而已经运营的地铁难免会发生如车站故障、断电、爆炸等等事故。地铁一种是大运量的快速运输,且车辆的运行轨迹是单一的,一旦发生事故,车站会聚集大量乘客,并且整个地铁系统的运行可能都会受到影响。如果不能及时疏散乘客很容易诱发踩踏事件,如果不能及时把乘客送到目的地,对乘客将造成巨大的损失。因此,运用合理的方法设计应急接驳公交并分配可用的公交到设计线路上对整个城市的社会生产有巨大影响。本文以突发事件下城市轨道应急接驳公交为研究对象。首先,将轨道交通突发事件分别按事故类型和发生位置进行分类,并对轨道交通突发事件轨道组织方式按发生位置进行了分类论述。不管是采用小回路还是单线双向行驶都是为了尽快组织未发生事故段地铁的运行。然后,分别分析了城市轨道交通射线和环线事故的传播机理,明确在不同的线路类型上,事故的影响是如何传播的。并组织了城市轨道交通突发事件乘客的出行行为调查,分别调查乘客在短OD短事故、短OD长事故、长OD短事故、长OD长事故四种情景下对出行方式的选择,并整理分析该数据,发现出行选择的规律,乘客在长OD短事故和长OD长事故下更容易选择应急接驳公交的方式。在此基础上对应急接驳公交的设计进行初探。最后,将应急公交接驳分为三步：第一步衔接环境的调查,第二步：衔接线路设计,第三步：分配公交到衔接线路上。对衔接线路设计和公交分配分别建立模型,以不能满足的出行需求和出行总时间最小为目标函数对衔接线路进行设计,以从调车点到接驳点的时间最小和对现有线路影响最小为目标函数对公交进行分配。为了获得最佳衔接路径和最优的公交分配方案,分别引入优化算法对其进行优化计算。最终得到城市轨道交通突发事件下,应急接驳公交线路设计方案,以及如何分配公交仓库和终点站的公交到设计的公交线路上
[Abstract]:As more and more people gather to the city and the city expands continuously, the increasing population and the increase of travel distance bring great pressure to the city traffic, in order to alleviate the traffic pressure of the city, More and more cities have built or are building subways. But the subway already in operation will inevitably occur such as station failures, power cuts, explosions and other accidents. One kind of subway is the rapid transportation of large volume, and the track of the vehicle is single. In the event of an accident, the station will gather a large number of passengers, and the operation of the entire subway system may be affected. If we can't evacuate passengers in time, it is easy to induce stampede, if we can't get passengers to our destination in time, it will cause huge losses to passengers. Therefore, the use of reasonable methods to design emergency bus connection and allocate the available public transport to the design route has a great impact on the social production of the whole city. In this paper, the urban rail emergency bus connection under the emergency event as the research object. First of all, the rail transit emergencies are classified according to the type and location of the accident, and the rail emergency organization mode is classified according to the location. Both the small circuit and the single-line two-way drive are used to organize the subway operation of the accident-free section as soon as possible. Then, the propagation mechanism of urban rail transit ray and loop accident is analyzed, and the influence of the accident on different line types is clarified. The travel behavior of passengers in urban rail transit emergencies is investigated, and the choice of travel modes is investigated under four scenarios: short OD short accident, long OD short accident, and long OD long accident, and the data are analyzed. Finding out the rules of travel choice, it is easier for passengers to choose the emergency bus connection mode under the condition of long OD short accident and long OD long accident. On the basis of this, the design of emergency bus connection is discussed. Finally, the emergency bus connection is divided into three steps: the first step is the investigation of the connection environment, the second step is the design of the connecting line, and the third step is the allocation of the bus to the connecting line. The models of the design of the connecting line and the distribution of public transportation are established, and the objective function of the unsatisfied travel demand and the minimum travel time is taken as the objective function to design the connecting line. The objective function is the minimum time from shunting point to connection point and the minimum influence on existing line. In order to obtain the optimal connection path and the optimal bus assignment scheme, the optimization algorithm is introduced to calculate the optimal path. Finally, under the emergency of urban rail transit, the design scheme of emergency bus connection line and how to distribute the bus from the warehouse and the terminal to the designed bus line are obtained.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U239.5;U491.17

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