城市交叉口交通信号的模糊控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-08-18 15:36

【摘要】：随着经济的发展，交通需求不断扩大，城市交通拥堵以及由此引起的一系列问题已经变得越来越严重。鉴于城市交通的复杂性、强非线性和随机性，传统的交通控制方式已经很难满足交通发展的要求。智能控制技术的发展为解决城市交通问题提供了有效手段。本文将模糊控制理论应用到交叉口信号配时控制系统中，把减少交叉口的车辆平均延误时间作为控制目标，对城市交通信号控制展开分析研究。目前，对于单交叉口的研究较多，本文首先介绍模糊控制在单交叉口信号控制中的设计过程并通过仿真证明其有效性。但是，在实际交通中，大量的交叉口相互交织、相互影响，孤立的单交叉口控制并不能很好的提高整个交通系统的通行效率。为改善控制效果，本文在单交叉口控制的基础上，利用模糊控制对线控和面控分别展开研究工作。首先，对干线多交叉口交通信号进行模糊控制研究。为实现交叉口之间的协调控制，本文设计了以排队车辆数决定绿灯延时的模糊控制器，并根据交叉口之间的关系计算出合理相位差、周期和绿信比，同时给出了交叉口不同方向的车流量预测模型。仿真结果表明，干线控制实现了车辆行驶过程中不遇或者少遇红灯、减少延误时间的目的。其次，对平行干线上交叉口交通信号控制进行模糊控制研究。过去研究的重点多是交叉口或者干线的本身，很少考虑交叉口对于两干线的协调分配作用。本文以两条平行干线和其中一条干线上的一个交叉口为对象，研究交叉口在减少车辆延误时间的同时实现其车辆调配分流功能。由于影响因素的增加以及研究对象复杂度的提高，本文设计了一种两级模糊控制器，第一级模糊控制器根据交叉口车辆排队数来进行信号配时，第二级模糊控制器则根据两平行干线的车辆通行率，修正信号配时。仿真分析表明，两级模糊控制器可以达到减少车辆平均延误时间和引导车流的目的。最后，对区域路网的交通信号控制展开模糊控制研究。区域路网是以单交叉口和干线为基础的，对其进行协调控制必须合理分析交叉口之间的耦合关系。本文提出以梯队的思想划分区域路网，让不同梯队相继运行进入协调控制系统，并设计了以交叉口之间车辆数来修正信号配时的两级模糊控制器，，实现减少区域内整体车辆延误时间的目的。通过仿真对比，证明该方法的控制效果明显。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, the traffic demand is expanding, the traffic congestion and a series of problems caused by it have become more and more serious. In view of the complexity, strong nonlinearity and randomness of urban traffic, the traditional traffic control mode has been difficult to meet the requirements of traffic development. The development of intelligent control technology provides an effective means to solve urban traffic problems. In this paper, the fuzzy control theory is applied to the signal timing control system of intersections. Taking the reduction of average vehicle delay time at intersection as the control goal, the urban traffic signal control is analyzed and studied. At present, there are many researches on single intersection. Firstly, the design process of fuzzy control in single intersection signal control is introduced and its effectiveness is proved by simulation. However, in the actual traffic, a large number of intertwined intersections, mutual influence, isolated single intersection control can not improve the traffic efficiency of the entire traffic system. In order to improve the control effect, based on the single intersection control, fuzzy control is used to study the wire control and surface control respectively. First of all, fuzzy control of traffic signals at trunk multiple intersections is studied. In order to realize the coordinated control between intersections, this paper designs a fuzzy controller based on the number of vehicles queued to determine the green time delay, and calculates the reasonable phase difference, period and green signal ratio according to the relationship between intersections. At the same time, the traffic flow prediction model of intersection in different directions is given. The simulation results show that the trunk line control can achieve the goal of not meeting or less meeting the red light and reducing the delay time. Secondly, fuzzy control of traffic signal at intersection on parallel trunk line is studied. In the past, the emphasis of the research was the intersection or the trunk line itself, and seldom considered the coordinated distribution of the two main lines. In this paper, two parallel trunk lines and one of the intersections on one of the main lines are taken as the objects to study the vehicle diversion function of the intersections while reducing the vehicle delay time. Because of the increase of the influence factors and the complexity of the research object, a two-stage fuzzy controller is designed in this paper. The first stage fuzzy controller carries out signal timing according to the number of vehicles queued at the intersection. The second level fuzzy controller modifies the signal timing according to the traffic rate of the two parallel trunk lines. The simulation results show that the two-stage fuzzy controller can reduce the average delay time and guide the traffic flow. Finally, the fuzzy control of traffic signal control of regional road network is studied. The regional road network is based on single intersection and trunk line, and the coupling relationship between intersections must be reasonably analyzed for coordinated control. In this paper, the idea of echelon is put forward to divide the regional road network, and the different echelons run into the coordinated control system one after another, and a two-level fuzzy controller is designed to correct the signal timing by the number of vehicles between intersections. Achieve the goal of reducing the overall vehicle delay time in the area. The simulation results show that the control effect of this method is obvious.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.54

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