高速公路立交桥施工安全风险识别与评估研究
发布时间：2018-08-25 07:48
【摘要】：大型基础工程在发挥巨大社会经济效益的同时，面临的风险问题越来越受到政府和公众的广泛关注。由于其规模大、施工复杂的特点，常常需要面对很多难以预测的风险。像高速公路立交桥这样的大型施工工程不可避免的会经常发生严重的事故，，因此对于其施工过程中的风险识别与评估就显得尤为重要。高速公路立交桥在施工过程中由于风险源和施工内容的多样性以及需要在同一时间对不同区域的施工同时管理等问题，使其在施工阶段中的风险管理较为困难。也常使管理者对于此类施工管理疲于应对。 本文结合高速公路立交桥施工风险的特点，从环境、人员、桥梁施工技术等六方面分析立交桥的施工风险。然后对立交桥施工阶段每个环节中事故和隐患进行识别研究。将立交桥施工阶段风险的识别过程、依据和方法进行类比、分析、得出立立交桥施工中出现的风险因素。然后对立交桥施工风险评估的方法和程序进行介绍。同时分析了目前存在的几种风险评估方法。本文主要采用层次分析法对邢衡高速公路枣园互通中的立交桥施工项目进行了风险评估，确定施工阶段的风险事件的风险等级和权重，又因为常权保持不变而往往不能反映短板效应导致评估结果不科学的问题，对其权重进行变权处理，最终得到各风险事件合理的权重，突出重大风险事件。 论文以风险分析的过程为主线，通过运用层次分析法对立交桥施工过程进行风险分析，为风险管理着提供依据。在风险评估模型和程序的基础上，给出了立交桥施工风险的评价和接受准则。根据风险可能发生的概率，对施工风险进行了定性和定量的估计。在实际的工程项目上应用立交桥施工风险识别和评估的方法，最终初步得出了运用在此类施工过程中的风险评估体系。
[Abstract]:At the same time, the risk of large-scale infrastructure project is paid more and more attention by the government and the public. Because of its large scale and complex construction, it often faces a lot of unpredictable risks. It is inevitable that serious accidents will occur in large construction projects such as expressway overpasses, so it is very important to identify and evaluate the risks in the construction process. Due to the diversity of risk sources and construction contents and the need to manage the construction of different areas at the same time, it is difficult to manage the risk in the construction stage of expressway overpass. It also often causes managers to cope with such construction management. Based on the characteristics of construction risk of expressway overpass, this paper analyzes the construction risk of overpass from six aspects, such as environment, personnel and bridge construction technology. Then the identification of accidents and hidden dangers in each link in the construction stage of the overpass is studied. The identification process of the risk in the construction stage of the overpass is analyzed and the risk factors appearing in the construction of the overpass are obtained by means of analogy and analysis. Then the method and procedure of risk assessment of overpass construction are introduced. At the same time, several existing risk assessment methods are analyzed. This paper mainly adopts AHP to evaluate the risk of the construction project of the interchange bridge in Zaoyuan Interchange of Xingheng Expressway, and determines the risk grade and weight of the risk event in the construction stage. Because the constant weight remains constant and often can not reflect the short-board effect, the evaluation result is not scientific. The weight of the constant weight is changed to get the reasonable weight of each risk event and highlight the important risk event. Taking the process of risk analysis as the main line, the paper analyzes the risk of the construction process of the overpass by using the analytic hierarchy process, and provides the basis for the risk management. Based on the risk assessment model and procedure, the evaluation and acceptance criteria of the construction risk of the overpass are given. According to the probability of risk, the construction risk is estimated qualitatively and quantitatively. The method of risk identification and evaluation of overpass construction is applied to practical engineering projects, and finally the risk assessment system applied in this kind of construction process is preliminarily obtained.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U445.1
本文编号：2202235
[Abstract]:At the same time, the risk of large-scale infrastructure project is paid more and more attention by the government and the public. Because of its large scale and complex construction, it often faces a lot of unpredictable risks. It is inevitable that serious accidents will occur in large construction projects such as expressway overpasses, so it is very important to identify and evaluate the risks in the construction process. Due to the diversity of risk sources and construction contents and the need to manage the construction of different areas at the same time, it is difficult to manage the risk in the construction stage of expressway overpass. It also often causes managers to cope with such construction management. Based on the characteristics of construction risk of expressway overpass, this paper analyzes the construction risk of overpass from six aspects, such as environment, personnel and bridge construction technology. Then the identification of accidents and hidden dangers in each link in the construction stage of the overpass is studied. The identification process of the risk in the construction stage of the overpass is analyzed and the risk factors appearing in the construction of the overpass are obtained by means of analogy and analysis. Then the method and procedure of risk assessment of overpass construction are introduced. At the same time, several existing risk assessment methods are analyzed. This paper mainly adopts AHP to evaluate the risk of the construction project of the interchange bridge in Zaoyuan Interchange of Xingheng Expressway, and determines the risk grade and weight of the risk event in the construction stage. Because the constant weight remains constant and often can not reflect the short-board effect, the evaluation result is not scientific. The weight of the constant weight is changed to get the reasonable weight of each risk event and highlight the important risk event. Taking the process of risk analysis as the main line, the paper analyzes the risk of the construction process of the overpass by using the analytic hierarchy process, and provides the basis for the risk management. Based on the risk assessment model and procedure, the evaluation and acceptance criteria of the construction risk of the overpass are given. According to the probability of risk, the construction risk is estimated qualitatively and quantitatively. The method of risk identification and evaluation of overpass construction is applied to practical engineering projects, and finally the risk assessment system applied in this kind of construction process is preliminarily obtained.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U445.1
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