基于元胞自动机仿真建模的交叉口公交优先策略效果评价

发布时间：2018-08-30 09:36

【摘要】：摘要：随着城市交通拥堵状况加剧,公共交通在城市交通系统中的地位逐渐提高,公交信号优先也成为交通信号控制系统中重要的一部分。公交信号优先控制对一般社会车辆及交叉口环境等方面造成的影响都成为值得研究的课题。本文对混合交通流条件下城市道路平面交叉口公交信号优先策略进行了分析,针对主动优先控制建立了时空约束、资源约束及综合约束条件模型。以元胞自动机理论为基础,通过仿真程序对交叉口多方式交通流进行分析和运行策略的优化研究。具体内容包括以下方面： (1)混合交通流元胞自动机仿真建模。在经典一维元胞自动机模型基础上,通过对混合交通流运行特征的分析,提出改进的VDR单车道模型以及改进的多车道换道模型,并且针对未设置公交专用车道的交叉口,建立了交叉口元胞自动机模型。 (2)公交信号优先策略分析。首先对交叉口公交优先策略按被动优先、绝对优先、有条件优先等三个角度分别进行了分析,同时改进了多相位公交优先响应的流程。然后在此基础上以多约束下公交信号主动优先控制为主,提出考虑延误、排队长度的时空约束模型与考虑能耗、排放的资源约束模型。 (3)综合约束下的公交信号优先模型。通过对时空约束模型与资源约束模型中各指标之间相关性的分析,将两者相结合,建立了以公交车辆数、车均延误、车均能耗为综合资源约束下的公交信号优先模型。 (4)公交优先策略效果评价。以设定交叉口环境条件为基础,通过MATLAB编程模拟不同公交信号优先策略、不同交通状态下的交通流运行情况,通过对仿真结果分析发现不同约束条件对车辆平均延误率、停车率等指标均有不同程度的影响,其中,综合约束下公交优先策略能够较好地均衡公交车辆与社会车辆的效益,并且在能源消耗与污染物排放方面保持相对稳定的变化。
[Abstract]:Absrtact: with the aggravation of urban traffic congestion, the status of public transport in urban traffic system has been gradually improved, and bus signal priority has become an important part of traffic signal control system. The influence of bus signal priority control on the environment of general social vehicles and intersections has become a topic worthy of study. In this paper, the traffic signal priority strategy of urban road intersections under mixed traffic flow is analyzed, and the spatial-temporal constraints, resource constraints and comprehensive constraints are established for active priority control. Based on the cellular automata theory, the multi-mode traffic flow at intersections is analyzed by simulation program and the optimization of operation strategy is studied. The main contents are as follows: (1) Hybrid traffic cellular automata simulation modeling. Based on the classic one-dimensional cellular automata model, the improved VDR single-lane model and the improved multi-lane changing model are proposed by analyzing the characteristics of mixed traffic flow. The cellular automata model of intersection is established. (2) bus signal priority strategy analysis. First, the bus priority strategy of intersection is analyzed from three aspects: passive priority, absolute priority and conditional priority, and the process of multi-phase bus priority response is improved. Then, based on the multi-constraint active priority control of public transport signal, a time-space constraint model considering delay and queue length and energy consumption are proposed. (3) bus signal priority model under comprehensive constraints. Based on the analysis of the correlation between the indexes in the spatio-temporal constraint model and the resource constraint model, a new method is proposed, which is based on the number of public transport vehicles and the delay of the vehicles. The energy consumption per vehicle is a bus signal priority model with comprehensive resource constraints. (4) the effect evaluation of bus priority strategy. On the basis of setting the environment condition of intersection, the paper simulates the traffic flow of different bus signal priority strategy and traffic flow under different traffic conditions by MATLAB programming. Through the analysis of simulation results, it is found that the average delay rate of vehicles is affected by different constraint conditions. Parking rate and other indicators have different degrees of influence, among them, the comprehensive constraints of bus priority strategy can better balance the benefits of public transport vehicles and social vehicles, and maintain a relatively stable change in energy consumption and pollutant emissions.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.54

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