倒L型和滚筒型声屏障降噪效果对比分析

发布时间：2018-08-31 19:02

【摘要】：随着国家经济的快速发展,我国的装备制造业,特别是汽车行业,取得长足的进步。据资料统计,截止去年底,我国汽车保有量达1.37亿辆,全国有31个城市的汽车数量超过100万辆,其中北京、天津、成都、深圳、上海、广州、苏州、杭州等8个城市汽车数量超过200万辆,北京市汽车超过500万辆。交通噪声、工业生产噪声、城市建筑噪声以及商业活动噪声污染问题成为严重影响居民生活质量的因素。本文首先介绍了噪声污染问题的现状以及危害,接着论述了噪声的评价与控制方法,提出声屏障是控制交通噪声污染的有效途径。之后介绍了国内外道路声屏障的应用及发展情况。论文进一步论述了声屏障的降噪理论基础,提出声屏障主要是在噪声传播途径中阻挡直达声、减少透射声、并让绕射声有足够的衰减三个方面削弱声能量的传播。同时对声屏障的结构型式以及使用材质做了简单介绍。论文对缩尺模型以及相似原理做了详细介绍,讲述相似定理中的三个定理,指出缩尺模型试验大量运用于生产生活中,与传统纯理论研究相比有着不可替代的作用。为本文试验打下理论基础。本文在半消声室内对倒L型和滚筒型声屏障进行噪声测试,分析声屏障隔声量频谱特性。通过对比不同距离、高度的测点在倒L型和滚筒型声屏障时的隔声量曲线来分析不同型式声屏障的降噪效果。本次试验利用声屏障缩尺模型,在半消声室内对声屏障进行实验,将影响因素降到最低。最大限度的保证了试验的可靠性和数据的真实性。为以后进行声屏障结构设计以及应用提供参考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national economy, China's equipment manufacturing industry, especially the automobile industry, has made great progress. According to statistics, by the end of last year, the number of cars held in China had reached 137 million, and the number of cars in 31 cities nationwide exceeded 1 million. Among them, Beijing, Tianjin, Chengdu, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Suzhou, Hangzhou and other eight cities have more than 2 million cars and more than 5 million cars in Beijing. The problems of traffic noise, industrial production noise, urban building noise and commercial noise pollution are the factors that seriously affect the quality of life of residents. This paper first introduces the present situation and harm of noise pollution, then discusses the evaluation and control methods of noise, and points out that noise barrier is an effective way to control traffic noise pollution. Then it introduces the application and development of road noise barrier at home and abroad. In this paper, the noise reduction theory of noise barrier is further discussed. It is proposed that the noise barrier is mainly used to block the direct sound in the path of noise propagation, to reduce the transmitted sound, and to weaken the propagation of sound energy in three aspects: sufficient attenuation of the diffraction sound. At the same time, the structure and material of sound barrier are briefly introduced. This paper introduces the scale model and the principle of similarity in detail, narrates the three theorems of similarity theorem, and points out that the scale model test is widely used in production and life, which has irreplaceable function compared with the traditional pure theory research. It lays a theoretical foundation for the experiment in this paper. In this paper, the noise of inverted L type and drum type sound barrier is measured in the semi-silencing chamber, and the frequency spectrum characteristics of the sound barrier is analyzed. The noise reduction effect of different types of noise barriers is analyzed by comparing the noise insulation curves of different distance and height measurement points in inverted L type and drum type noise barriers. By using the scale model of sound barrier, the noise barrier was tested in the semi-silent room, and the influencing factors were reduced to the lowest. The reliability of the test and the authenticity of the data are guaranteed to the maximum extent. It provides a reference for the design and application of sound barrier in the future.
【学位授予单位】：大连交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.91

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