基于TransCAD的城市公共交通网络可达性研究
发布时间：2018-09-18 06:42
【摘要】：随着我国经济社会的迅速发展，城镇规模化、人口集中化以及城市机动化进程加速，交通拥堵、尾气污染等城市无序发展带来的交通问题在大中城市集中爆发。传统的以机动化出行为目标的交通发展思路已经不能解决日益严峻的城市交通问题，也无法满足居民日益增长的出行需求。与此同时，优先发展公共交通已经成为人们的共识，“公交都市”示范建设工程，在全国范围得到推广。在此背景下，研究公共交通网络可达性，将有助于提升公共交通出行吸引力，缓解城市交通问题，满足居民高效率和高可达的出行需求。 论文在分析国、内外可达性研究现状，剖析城市公共交通网络可达性影响因素，基于已有可达性评价模型的基础上提出了城市公共交通网络可达性概念。运用时空约束模型、拓扑度量法、累计机会模型等可达性研究方法，分别从宏观、中观及微观层面研究公共交通网络可达性，构建了城市公共交通网络可达性评价指标体系，并建立了指标计算模型。论文建立的城市公共交通网络可达性评价模型能全面、多层次的对城市公共交通网络进行可达性评价，判断可达性水平、发现存在的缺陷和不足。 利用TransCAD建立公共交通路线系统，设计和构建了包含空间地理数据库和公共交通线路系统数据库的城市公共交通网络数据库。根据系统特点，综合考虑“换乘次数”和“出行距离最短”等因素，建立公共交通出行路径广义成本模型，，从而确定公共交通网络最优路径判断标准并且设计了公交最优路径计算算法。论文研究利用TransCAD软件空间分析功能对城市公共交通网络进行可达性分析，并且利用GISDK，对软件进行功能拓展和二次开发。 最后以兰州市公共交通网络为例，对其空间特征进行分析，并且评价其可达性水平，针对兰州市公共交通提出若干发展策略。研究结果表明基于TransCAD的城市公共交通网络可达性评价理论能较好的应用于公共交通。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society in our country, the traffic problems caused by the disorderly development of cities, such as the scale of cities and towns, the population concentration and the motorization of cities, traffic congestion, exhaust pollution, etc., are erupting in large and medium-sized cities. The traditional train of thought of traffic development with motorized travel as the target can not solve the increasingly serious urban traffic problems nor meet the increasing travel demand of residents. At the same time, giving priority to the development of public transport has become a common understanding, "public transport city" demonstration construction project, has been popularized throughout the country. In this context, the study of the accessibility of public transport networks will help to enhance the public transport travel attraction, alleviate urban traffic problems, and meet the needs of residents with high efficiency and accessibility. In this paper, the concept of accessibility of urban public transport network is put forward based on the analysis of the current situation of the research on the accessibility of urban public transport networks and the analysis of the factors affecting the accessibility of urban public transport networks. Based on the existing reachability evaluation model, the paper puts forward the concept of accessibility of urban public transport networks. By using the methods of time-space constraint model, topological metric method and cumulative opportunity model, this paper studies the reachability of public transportation network from macro, meso and micro levels, and constructs the evaluation index system of urban public transportation network accessibility. The index calculation model is established. The urban public transport network accessibility evaluation model established in this paper can evaluate the accessibility of urban public transport network in a comprehensive and multi-level way, judge the accessibility level, and find out the defects and shortcomings. The public transportation network database including spatial geographic database and public transportation route system database is designed and constructed by using TransCAD. According to the characteristics of the system, the generalized cost model of public transportation travel path is established by considering the factors such as "transfer times" and "shortest travel distance". Thus, the standard of judging the optimal path of public transport network is determined and the algorithm for calculating the optimal path of public transportation is designed. This paper studies the accessibility analysis of urban public transportation network by using the spatial analysis function of TransCAD software, and extends the function and secondary development of the software by using GISDK,. Finally, taking the public transport network of Lanzhou as an example, this paper analyzes its spatial characteristics, evaluates its accessibility level, and puts forward some development strategies for public transport in Lanzhou. The results show that the theory of accessibility evaluation based on TransCAD can be applied to public transportation.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17
本文编号：2247095
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society in our country, the traffic problems caused by the disorderly development of cities, such as the scale of cities and towns, the population concentration and the motorization of cities, traffic congestion, exhaust pollution, etc., are erupting in large and medium-sized cities. The traditional train of thought of traffic development with motorized travel as the target can not solve the increasingly serious urban traffic problems nor meet the increasing travel demand of residents. At the same time, giving priority to the development of public transport has become a common understanding, "public transport city" demonstration construction project, has been popularized throughout the country. In this context, the study of the accessibility of public transport networks will help to enhance the public transport travel attraction, alleviate urban traffic problems, and meet the needs of residents with high efficiency and accessibility. In this paper, the concept of accessibility of urban public transport network is put forward based on the analysis of the current situation of the research on the accessibility of urban public transport networks and the analysis of the factors affecting the accessibility of urban public transport networks. Based on the existing reachability evaluation model, the paper puts forward the concept of accessibility of urban public transport networks. By using the methods of time-space constraint model, topological metric method and cumulative opportunity model, this paper studies the reachability of public transportation network from macro, meso and micro levels, and constructs the evaluation index system of urban public transportation network accessibility. The index calculation model is established. The urban public transport network accessibility evaluation model established in this paper can evaluate the accessibility of urban public transport network in a comprehensive and multi-level way, judge the accessibility level, and find out the defects and shortcomings. The public transportation network database including spatial geographic database and public transportation route system database is designed and constructed by using TransCAD. According to the characteristics of the system, the generalized cost model of public transportation travel path is established by considering the factors such as "transfer times" and "shortest travel distance". Thus, the standard of judging the optimal path of public transport network is determined and the algorithm for calculating the optimal path of public transportation is designed. This paper studies the accessibility analysis of urban public transportation network by using the spatial analysis function of TransCAD software, and extends the function and secondary development of the software by using GISDK,. Finally, taking the public transport network of Lanzhou as an example, this paper analyzes its spatial characteristics, evaluates its accessibility level, and puts forward some development strategies for public transport in Lanzhou. The results show that the theory of accessibility evaluation based on TransCAD can be applied to public transportation.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17
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