基于进化策略算法的港口拖轮调度优化

发布时间：2018-10-31 19:50

【摘要】：港口是具有水陆联运设备和条件,提供船舶安全进出和停泊的运输枢纽。随着全球经济的复苏,港口的发展正成为国家经济飞速发展的重要环节。目前,我国港口发展仍处于利润理念阶段,利润最大化仍是国家战略发展的需要。因此,在以利润最大化为前提下,如何提高港口的服务能力和管理能力将成为现代港口发展的关键。拖轮作业是港口生产中的“第一站”,合理的拖轮调配将节约港口生产成本,提高港口作业效率,为港口物流体系发展提供最有利的保障。在拖轮实际作业生产中,拖轮调度的优化体现在如何节约生产成本以及提高拖轮的使用效率。然而,生产成本和生产效率是两个相互矛盾的因素。同一生产任务,如果拖轮马力小,单位时间内生产成本低,但拖轮作业周期长,生产效率低。如果拖轮马力大,单位时间内生产成本高,但拖轮作业周期短,生产效率高。因此,在拖轮作业调度过程中,我们不能简单的考虑生产成本和生产效率两者之间的反向关系,而应试图通过深入的研究生产效率与生产成本两种影响因素的复杂关系,来合理的优化拖轮作业,找到解决最佳方案。同时,在拖轮作业的实际调度中,考虑到进出港口船舶的船长是随机的,并且为靠离泊船舶提供作业服务的拖轮数量和马力是有相应匹配要求的。因此,本文将根据大连港大窑湾作业区域实际情况,结合大连港轮驳公司拖轮调度数据,基于带有特殊工艺约束的并行多处理任务调度理论,以完成作业效率和完成作业成本双目标最小化为目标,对拖轮作业调度问题进行建模分析。在此基础上,设计进化策略与局部搜索相结合的混合算法,并对进化策略算法的编码和解码、重组算子和变异算子进行设计。混合算法在设计上满足了拖轮实际作业中的工艺约束条件。在实际的拖轮作业过程中,通过对生产效率和生产成本两个因素的权重值进行适当调整,可以得到拖轮作业合理调度的最优解。最后,经过最优解与仿真计算的结果比较验证了混合算法的有效性和实用性。因此,在实际的生产中运用混合算法优化调度作业,将对拖轮合理调度具有一定的指导性和应用意义。
[Abstract]:Port is a transport hub with land-water transport equipment and conditions to provide safe access and berthing for ships. With the recovery of the global economy, the development of ports is becoming an important link in the rapid development of national economy. At present, the port development of our country is still in the profit idea stage, the profit maximization is still the need of the national strategic development. Therefore, under the premise of profit maximization, how to improve the service and management capacity of the port will become the key to the development of modern port. Tugboat operation is the "first station" in port production. Reasonable tugboat deployment will save port production cost, improve port operation efficiency and provide the most favorable guarantee for the development of port logistics system. In the actual production of tugboat, the optimization of tug scheduling is reflected in how to save production cost and improve the efficiency of tug. However, production cost and production efficiency are two contradictory factors. The same production task, if the tug horsepower is small, the unit time production cost is low, but the tug operation cycle is long, the production efficiency is low. If the tug has high horsepower and high production cost per unit time, the tug has a short working cycle and high production efficiency. Therefore, in the process of tugboat scheduling, we should not simply consider the reverse relationship between production cost and production efficiency, but should try to study the complex relationship between production efficiency and production cost through in-depth study. To reasonably optimize the tug operation, find the best solution. At the same time, in the actual scheduling of tugboat operation, it is considered that the captain of the ship entering and leaving the port is random, and the number and horsepower of the tugboat which provides the service for the off-board ship have corresponding matching requirements. Therefore, according to the actual situation of Dayaowan operation area of Dalian Port and combined with the tugboat scheduling data of Dalian Port barge Company, this paper will base on the theory of parallel multi-processing task scheduling with special process constraints. Aiming at minimization of completion efficiency and cost, a modeling and analysis of tugboat scheduling problem was carried out. On this basis, a hybrid algorithm combining evolutionary strategy and local search is designed, and the encoding and decoding of evolutionary strategy algorithm, recombination operator and mutation operator are designed. The hybrid algorithm meets the process constraints in the actual operation of the tug. In the course of actual tugboat operation, by adjusting the weight values of two factors, production efficiency and production cost, the optimal solution of reasonable scheduling of tug operation can be obtained. Finally, the effectiveness and practicability of the hybrid algorithm are verified by the comparison of the optimal solution and the simulation results. Therefore, the use of hybrid algorithm to optimize scheduling in actual production will have certain guidance and application significance for the reasonable scheduling of tugboats.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U691.3

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