藏东南高原山区公路建设生态保护技术研究

发布时间：2018-11-17 10:51

【摘要】：西藏东南部地区地形以高山峡谷为主，生态系统以山地森林系统为主，对水源涵养、保护土壤、调节气候等具有重要作用。由于藏东南地区海拔较高，气候条件恶劣，同时许多地域地质条件不稳定，因此该区域山地森林生态系统较为脆弱，一经破坏恢复比较困难。随着西藏“十二五”公路交通发展规划和西藏交通“超常规”项目的实施，该区域公路建设规模不断加大，公路建设对该区域的生态影响也会加大，不但破坏当地的植被，，导致水土流失，而且也会影响到野生动植物的生长，对当地生态系统的完整性造成一定影响。本文在研究了藏东南高原山区地形、气候、水文等生态环境和公路建设概况以及经济概况的基础上，结合近年西藏公路建设项目，分析评价公路建设过程中路基、桥梁、隧道等永久占地和取土场、砂石料场、弃渣场等临时占地对周边生态环境、动植物以及沿线景观可能产生的影响，并针对性的提出在公路建设项目中应当采取的生态环境保护措施以及动植物保护措施，在实际工程项目中进行应用，分析生态环境保护措施的应用效果，作为今后公路建设项目中生态环境保护的参考。
[Abstract]:The topography of southeast Tibet is dominated by mountains and canyons, and the ecosystem is dominated by mountain forest system, which plays an important role in water conservation, soil protection and climate regulation. Due to the high altitude, poor climatic conditions and unstable geological conditions in southeast Tibet, the mountainous forest ecosystem in this region is relatively fragile and difficult to recover once destroyed. With the implementation of Tibet's 12th Five-Year Plan for Highway Traffic Development and the implementation of the Tibet Traffic "Supernormal" project, the scale of highway construction in this region has been continuously increased, and the ecological impact of highway construction on the region will also be increased, not only destroying the local vegetation, but also increasing the ecological impact of the highway construction on the region. It also affects the growth of wildlife and the integrity of local ecosystem. On the basis of studying the ecological environment, such as topography, climate, hydrology, and general situation of highway construction and economic situation in mountainous area of southeast Tibet Plateau, this paper analyzes and evaluates the roadbed and bridge in the course of highway construction by combining with the Tibet highway construction project in recent years. The possible impact of temporary occupation of land on the surrounding ecological environment, animals and plants and the landscape along the route, such as tunnels and other permanent occupation sites, sand and gravel fields, and other temporary occupation sites, The ecological environmental protection measures and animal and plant protection measures that should be taken in highway construction projects are put forward, and the application of ecological environmental protection measures in actual engineering projects is analyzed, and the application effects of ecological environmental protection measures are analyzed. As the reference of ecological environment protection in highway construction project in the future.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X171;U412

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