沥青路面建设过程温室气体排放评价体系研究
发布时间：2018-11-22 12:42
【摘要】：中国是温室气体排放大国，，减缓温室气体排放是我国能源战略调整的重要方向。交通运输行业排放的污染物和温室气体占到我国全社会排放总量的8%，是能耗大户，也是节能减排的重点领域。公路建设的快速发展，其依赖性很强的土石、石灰、水泥、沥青、化学添加剂等建材资源消耗巨大，路面施工过程中混合料拌和、运输、摊铺与碾压时的能耗与排放不容忽略。目前针对路面工程建设中的温室气体排放尚没有明确的量化结论，关于路面工程建设全阶段温室气体排放量的定量测定计算和评价分析，把握路面工程建设各阶段温室气体的排放特征与排量情况，还缺少相应的评价体系与测定方法，且不同路面材料和施工工艺产生的排放差异较大，相应的对比分析缺乏。因此，有必要系统研究路面工程建设中温室气体排放评价体系与方法。 本文通过资料收集与现场调研，收集沥青路面建设流程、原材料、生产工艺以及相应生产机械设备参数，归纳总结沥青路面建设过程中温室气体排放源及排放气体种类，明确沥青路面面层和基层各建设阶段温室气体排放量的主要影响因素，进而确定温室气体排放定量评价指标分为一级指标和二级指标。一级指标为普遍性、概括性的指标，选取各建设阶段的当量二氧化碳为一级指标代表值；二级指标为反映沥青路面建设各阶段排放的具有代表性的、易于评价考核的指标，主要是指各阶段生产过程中各种机械设备能耗排放量和材料自身排放量。 明确了路面工程温室气体排放评价指标的测算方法，测算方法包括能耗法、资料调研法、物料衡算法和现场实测法。不同评价指标类型选用不同的测算方法。指标类型是指标的广泛性和特定性。广泛性指标是指应用范围广、不局限用于道路行业的排放指标，可通过现有资料调研结果定量化，特定性指标具有专用性，一般通过计算或实测定量化。 提出了沥青面层和半刚性基层建设过程温室气体排放总量模型，基于评价指标、测算方法和模型构建了沥青路面建设过程温室气体排放评价体系。评价体系边界涵盖路面工程建设中沥青混凝土面层、半刚性基层温室气体直接排放和能源间接排放涉及的所有生产阶段和施工环节。评价体系框架包含目标层、准则层、一级指标层、二级指标层和变量层，变量层即每一指标对应的评价影响因素。提出了沥青路面工程温室气体排放总量评价标准的确定方法，根据不同等级道路路面材料用量的差异性确定了温室气体排放公路等级系数。 基于代表路段得到了当前建设水平下水泥稳定半刚性基层沥青路面建设阶段温室气体排放数据。沥青混合料拌和阶段温室气体排放量最大，接近沥青面层建设过程排放总量的60%，水泥稳定碎石基层原材料生产阶段能耗最大，约占总排放量的98%，其中水泥排放占主要部分。沥青面层温室气体排放量仅约占水泥稳定碎石基层排放量的30%。 明确了节能减排重点所在，提出了节能减排措施。沥青面层节能减排重点在拌和阶段，应以拌和阶段能耗控制为主，可选用节能高效的机械设备，优化施工组织设计，或者采用能耗排放较热拌法低的温拌、冷拌方法拌和沥青混合料。基层/底基层节能减排措施重点在原材料生产阶段，应以原材料控制为主，可选用采用高效节能方法生产的水泥产品，或者采用水泥用量少的其他基层形式。 分别进行了不同拌合温度下沥青混合料面层及是否使用水泥的基层建设全过程节能减排效果对比分析，结果显示单位公里温拌沥青混合料面层比单位公里热拌沥青混合料面层节约能源8.14%，温室气体排放量下降8.26%；单位公里冷拌沥青混合料面层比单位公里热拌沥青混合料面层节约能源36.42%，温室气体排放量下降36.36%；单位公里级配碎石基层比单位公里水泥稳定碎石基层节约能源67.87%，温室气体排放量下降89.30%。 本文研究成果弥补了我国沥青路面建设过程温室气体排放评价方法的空白，可为从节能减排角度出发进行不同路面材料和施工工艺的选择提供依据，具有良好的理论意义和推广前景。
[Abstract]:China is a major source of greenhouse gas emission, and the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions is an important direction of China's energy strategy adjustment. The pollutant and greenhouse gas discharged from the transportation industry account for 8% of the total social emission of our country, which is a big energy consumption, and is the key area of energy conservation and emission reduction. The rapid development of the highway construction has a strong dependence on the material resources such as earth-rock, lime, cement, asphalt, chemical additives and the like, and the energy consumption and the emission during the mixing, transportation, spreading and rolling of the mixture during the construction of the road surface are not negligible. At present, there is no definite quantitative conclusion on the greenhouse gas emission in the road surface engineering construction, and the quantitative measurement calculation and the evaluation analysis of the greenhouse gas emission amount in the whole stage of the road surface construction are analyzed, and the emission characteristics and the displacement conditions of the greenhouse gases in various stages of the road surface engineering construction are grasped, There is also a lack of corresponding evaluation system and measuring method, and the difference of emission from different pavement materials and construction technology is relatively large, and the corresponding comparative analysis is lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to study the evaluation system and method of greenhouse gas emission in the pavement construction. Based on the data collection and on-site investigation, the paper summarizes the construction process of asphalt pavement, the raw materials, the production process and the corresponding parameters of the mechanical equipment, and sums up the greenhouse gas emission source and the discharge gas in the course of the asphalt pavement construction. The main influencing factors of the greenhouse gas discharge in the construction stage of the asphalt pavement surface layer and the base layer are defined, and the quantitative evaluation index of the greenhouse gas emission is determined to be divided into the first-class index and the second-level index. The first-level indicator is a universal and general index, and the equivalent carbon dioxide in each construction stage is selected as the first-level indicator representative value; the second-level indicator is representative and easy to be evaluated and evaluated for reflecting the emission of each stage of the asphalt pavement construction Index, mainly refers to the energy consumption and material self-discharge of various mechanical equipment in the production process of each stage The calculation method of the evaluation index of the greenhouse gas emission of the pavement works is defined. The calculation method includes the energy consumption method, the data investigation method, the material balance algorithm and the material balance algorithm. On-site measurement method. Different evaluation index types are selected to be different The index type is a broad measure of the index. The general index refers to the wide application range, and is not limited to the emission index of the road industry, can be quantified by the existing data research results, and the specific indexes are specific, and are generally calculated or The quantity model of greenhouse gas emission in the course of asphalt surface layer and semi-rigid basic-level construction is put forward, and the greenhouse gas emission total quantity model is constructed based on the evaluation index, the calculation method and the model. Gas emission evaluation system. The evaluation system boundary covers all raw materials related to the asphalt concrete surface layer, semi-rigid base layer greenhouse gas direct discharge and energy indirect emission in the road surface engineering construction the evaluation system framework comprises a target layer, a criterion layer, a primary index layer, a secondary index layer and a variable layer, The influencing factors of the evaluation of the total amount of greenhouse gas emission in the asphalt pavement project are put forward, and the greenhouse gas is determined according to the difference of the different levels of road surface materials. The road grade coefficient is discharged. Based on the representative road section, the construction of the cement-stabilized semi-rigid base-base asphalt pavement under the current construction level is obtained The emission data of the greenhouse gas is set up. The maximum greenhouse gas discharge during the mixing stage of the asphalt mixture is 60% of the total discharge amount of the construction process of the asphalt surface course, and the energy consumption of the raw material production stage of the cement-stabilized macadam base material is the largest, accounting for about 98% of the total discharge amount. in which the cement discharge is the main part, and the greenhouse gas discharge of the asphalt surface layer accounts for only about the stability of the cement. 30% of the base-layer discharge of the crushed stone. Energy-saving and emission-reduction are defined. The emphasis is on the energy-saving and emission-reduction measures. The energy-saving and emission-reduction of the asphalt surface layer is mainly in the mixing stage, and the energy-saving and high-efficiency mechanical equipment can be selected according to the energy consumption control of the mixing stage, so that the design of the construction organization can be optimized, or the energy consumption discharge is lower than that of the hot-mixing method. Asphalt mixture is mixed by warm-mixing and cold-mixing method. The energy-saving and emission-reducing measures of the base/ bottom base layer shall be mainly in the raw material production stage, and the main raw material control shall be adopted, and the cement product produced by adopting the high-efficiency energy-saving method can be selected or the cement product produced by the high-efficiency energy-saving method can be selected. The results of energy-saving and emission reduction in the whole process of asphalt mixture and whether to use cement at different mixing temperatures are compared and analyzed. The results show that the surface of the mixed asphalt mixture is more than the unit-kilometer heat. The energy saving of the mixed asphalt mixture surface layer is 8.14%, the emission of the greenhouse gas is reduced by 8. 26%, the energy saving of the heat-mixed asphalt mixture surface layer of the unit-kilometer cold-mixed asphalt mixture is 36-42%, the emission of the greenhouse gas is 36-36%, and the unit-kilometer grade of the asphalt-mixed asphalt mixture is more than the unit-kilometer water Mud-stabilized macadam base energy-saving 67. 87 The results of this paper make up the blank of the evaluation method of greenhouse gas emission in the construction of asphalt pavement in China, and can be selected from the viewpoint of energy saving and emission reduction.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U416.217;X82
本文编号：2349404
[Abstract]:China is a major source of greenhouse gas emission, and the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions is an important direction of China's energy strategy adjustment. The pollutant and greenhouse gas discharged from the transportation industry account for 8% of the total social emission of our country, which is a big energy consumption, and is the key area of energy conservation and emission reduction. The rapid development of the highway construction has a strong dependence on the material resources such as earth-rock, lime, cement, asphalt, chemical additives and the like, and the energy consumption and the emission during the mixing, transportation, spreading and rolling of the mixture during the construction of the road surface are not negligible. At present, there is no definite quantitative conclusion on the greenhouse gas emission in the road surface engineering construction, and the quantitative measurement calculation and the evaluation analysis of the greenhouse gas emission amount in the whole stage of the road surface construction are analyzed, and the emission characteristics and the displacement conditions of the greenhouse gases in various stages of the road surface engineering construction are grasped, There is also a lack of corresponding evaluation system and measuring method, and the difference of emission from different pavement materials and construction technology is relatively large, and the corresponding comparative analysis is lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to study the evaluation system and method of greenhouse gas emission in the pavement construction. Based on the data collection and on-site investigation, the paper summarizes the construction process of asphalt pavement, the raw materials, the production process and the corresponding parameters of the mechanical equipment, and sums up the greenhouse gas emission source and the discharge gas in the course of the asphalt pavement construction. The main influencing factors of the greenhouse gas discharge in the construction stage of the asphalt pavement surface layer and the base layer are defined, and the quantitative evaluation index of the greenhouse gas emission is determined to be divided into the first-class index and the second-level index. The first-level indicator is a universal and general index, and the equivalent carbon dioxide in each construction stage is selected as the first-level indicator representative value; the second-level indicator is representative and easy to be evaluated and evaluated for reflecting the emission of each stage of the asphalt pavement construction Index, mainly refers to the energy consumption and material self-discharge of various mechanical equipment in the production process of each stage The calculation method of the evaluation index of the greenhouse gas emission of the pavement works is defined. The calculation method includes the energy consumption method, the data investigation method, the material balance algorithm and the material balance algorithm. On-site measurement method. Different evaluation index types are selected to be different The index type is a broad measure of the index. The general index refers to the wide application range, and is not limited to the emission index of the road industry, can be quantified by the existing data research results, and the specific indexes are specific, and are generally calculated or The quantity model of greenhouse gas emission in the course of asphalt surface layer and semi-rigid basic-level construction is put forward, and the greenhouse gas emission total quantity model is constructed based on the evaluation index, the calculation method and the model. Gas emission evaluation system. The evaluation system boundary covers all raw materials related to the asphalt concrete surface layer, semi-rigid base layer greenhouse gas direct discharge and energy indirect emission in the road surface engineering construction the evaluation system framework comprises a target layer, a criterion layer, a primary index layer, a secondary index layer and a variable layer, The influencing factors of the evaluation of the total amount of greenhouse gas emission in the asphalt pavement project are put forward, and the greenhouse gas is determined according to the difference of the different levels of road surface materials. The road grade coefficient is discharged. Based on the representative road section, the construction of the cement-stabilized semi-rigid base-base asphalt pavement under the current construction level is obtained The emission data of the greenhouse gas is set up. The maximum greenhouse gas discharge during the mixing stage of the asphalt mixture is 60% of the total discharge amount of the construction process of the asphalt surface course, and the energy consumption of the raw material production stage of the cement-stabilized macadam base material is the largest, accounting for about 98% of the total discharge amount. in which the cement discharge is the main part, and the greenhouse gas discharge of the asphalt surface layer accounts for only about the stability of the cement. 30% of the base-layer discharge of the crushed stone. Energy-saving and emission-reduction are defined. The emphasis is on the energy-saving and emission-reduction measures. The energy-saving and emission-reduction of the asphalt surface layer is mainly in the mixing stage, and the energy-saving and high-efficiency mechanical equipment can be selected according to the energy consumption control of the mixing stage, so that the design of the construction organization can be optimized, or the energy consumption discharge is lower than that of the hot-mixing method. Asphalt mixture is mixed by warm-mixing and cold-mixing method. The energy-saving and emission-reducing measures of the base/ bottom base layer shall be mainly in the raw material production stage, and the main raw material control shall be adopted, and the cement product produced by adopting the high-efficiency energy-saving method can be selected or the cement product produced by the high-efficiency energy-saving method can be selected. The results of energy-saving and emission reduction in the whole process of asphalt mixture and whether to use cement at different mixing temperatures are compared and analyzed. The results show that the surface of the mixed asphalt mixture is more than the unit-kilometer heat. The energy saving of the mixed asphalt mixture surface layer is 8.14%, the emission of the greenhouse gas is reduced by 8. 26%, the energy saving of the heat-mixed asphalt mixture surface layer of the unit-kilometer cold-mixed asphalt mixture is 36-42%, the emission of the greenhouse gas is 36-36%, and the unit-kilometer grade of the asphalt-mixed asphalt mixture is more than the unit-kilometer water Mud-stabilized macadam base energy-saving 67. 87 The results of this paper make up the blank of the evaluation method of greenhouse gas emission in the construction of asphalt pavement in China, and can be selected from the viewpoint of energy saving and emission reduction.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U416.217;X82
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相关期刊论文 前2条
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本文编号：2349404
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